Ectopic pregnancy: surgery and rehabilitation

2024 Author: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 00:21

Pregnancy outside the uterus is a very dangerous pathology. It requires urgent surgical intervention, as it is a pregnancy during which a fertilized egg is attached outside the cavity of the female organ.

An ectopic pregnancy is being operated on in the early stages, because then it does not pose a danger to the life of the girl and does not entail consequences.

Reasons

Women's he alth must be protected and given special attention all the time. This will help to avoid problems, including an ectopic pregnancy. The reasons for such a pregnancy remain a mystery, but there are risk factors that lead to the problem:

• unhe althy genitals, fallopian tube pathology;
• in vitro fertilization (IVF);
• contraceptive methods.

Sexually transmitted infections lead to a disease called salpingitis. This leads to adhesions in the fallopian tubes, and subsequently leads to pregnancy outside the uterus. Risk also includes operationalintervention in this area, including abortion.

Pathologies arise in utero due to the fault of the mother, who led an immoral lifestyle (alcohol, cigarettes, promiscuous sex life), which leads to additional fallopian tubes, aplasia, holes and much more. Therefore, pregnancy should be planned and taken seriously.

Intrauterine device is a common cause of ectopic pregnancy. After all, it protects only the fallopian tubes, preventing the fertilized egg from entering the uterus, so the ectopic tubes remain at risk. It is important to remember that the spiral has an expiration date, therefore, in order to avoid negative consequences, it should be removed after five years. If everything is used correctly, then this method of contraception will protect against unwanted pregnancy, will not endanger the body.

Pills are also dangerous, but this is when used incorrectly. For many women, artificial insemination is the only way to become a mother, but it is important to know that this is a common cause of ectopic pregnancy. After all, the egg is injected into the uterus, but it penetrates further.

To avoid an ectopic pregnancy, you need to follow the rules:

1. Use reliable contraception. This will help protect against many diseases and unwanted pregnancies.
2. Plan your pregnancy ahead of time. This will help keep mom and baby he althy.
3. Keep yourself from hypothermia. They cause inflammation, which may lead to the formationadhesions in the pipes.
4. Visit to the gynecologist. It will help to avoid diseases that lead to pregnancy outside the uterus. Allows you to start treatment on time.

Remember that the doctor will tell you and help you find the right solution to the problem. It doesn't have to be surgery.

Symptoms

There are no exact symptoms, relying on which one could say that the pregnancy is ectopic. All symptoms of ectopic pregnancy are also characteristic of traditional uterine pregnancy. Symptoms of an ectopic pregnancy depend on the stage of development and type of ectopic pregnancy.

The following symptoms are distinguished:

1. Weak periods. If you suddenly begin weak, uncharacteristic menstruation, you must immediately conduct a pregnancy test. If the test showed little or no second line, but still revealed other symptoms of pregnancy, then you need to see a doctor.
2. Identification of bloody discharge from the genital tract. Sometimes the blood loss is so great that it leads to loss of consciousness. More often, cervical or tubal pregnancy contributes to this, if the tube has already ruptured.
3. Delayed period.
4. Pain in the lower abdomen. Symptoms in the form of pain begin at a later stage, after the rupture of the fallopian tube. The pain in this case is acute, often aggravated by changing the position of the body or walking. Pain is transmitted to the rectum or shoulder. Such pain cannot be ignored.

Diagnosis

If there wasan operation was performed to remove the tube during an ectopic pregnancy, then during rehabilitation, constant monitoring of the operated part is prescribed. For this, the dynamic laparoscopy method is used.

After ovarian surgery, the above method will allow you to evaluate the quality of the operation. Also, the dynamic laparoscopy method is used to flush the abdominal cavity with antibacterial drugs, which must be done during rehabilitation.

If adhesions on the organ are detected by the above method, salpingoscopy is prescribed. The method allows you to exfoliate the formed adhesions and deliver antibacterial drugs to the place of formation of adhesions. An effective measure after surgery is physiotherapy.

Treatment is aimed at preventing the formation of adhesions and restoring the function of the affected organ. Also, the efficiency in rehabilitation is shown by the method of inductothermy, which consists in the local effect on the affected organ of the magnetic field.

Operation

Initially, an ectopic pregnancy is a pathology, so it is important to identify it as early as possible. A woman's life depends on it. Do not immediately be afraid of operations. There is a possibility that it will be possible to cope with such a problem with the use of medicines and procedures.

Which is the best surgery for ectopic pregnancy?

For various reasons, conception occurs in the fallopian tube. To terminate such a pregnancy, methods are used:

1. Milking (extrusion). Produced,if there is no risk of rupture of the fallopian tube. The fertilized egg is removed without making an incision through the lumen of the fallopian tube. Effective for small egg sizes.
2. Laparoscopy is a gentle method. Instead of an incision in the abdominal wall, a puncture is made. This speeds up recovery after surgery. When choosing this method, it is possible to save the fallopian tube. It is also an accurate diagnostic method.
3. Salpingotomy. An incision is made where the fertilized egg is attached. The fetal component is removed, then the tube is sutured. If the egg is large, part of the fallopian tube is removed. This allows a woman to increase her chances of becoming a mother in the future.
4. Tubectomy. It is used if tubal pregnancy occurs frequently. Complete removal of the fallopian tube. An ovary is removed if a woman's life depends on it.

Among the methods described above, it is worth highlighting laparoscopy. It is carried out with the help of small tools, under the control of a video image that increases the size. By itself, the method is less traumatic. It allows you to save the fallopian tube. The fertilized egg is removed through a small incision, the bleeding vessels are cauterized, and the tube quickly restores its function.

The time of operation of an ectopic pregnancy for each woman individually.

Medicated abortion

There are drugs that stop the development of the fetal egg at the stage of cell division. As a result, it dissolves. This method is used when the pregnancy is normal, for the purpose of abortion.

The main condition is the age of the fetus is less than 22 days. This is a new method of treatment and requires special training of doctors. Also, the method is performed after a complete examination of the woman's body. You cannot use the method on your own, it will end in death.

Surgical and medical interruptions are often performed together. Under the influence of hormonal drugs, rejection of the fetal egg occurs, which facilitates its curettage from the tube cavity.

Postoperative treatment

During surgery, it is important to preserve the reproductive system of a woman. For this, various drugs and physiotherapy are used. Especially if there is a lot of blood loss. It is also important to follow a contraceptive regimen, as you can only become pregnant after 6 months of treatment.

Physiotherapy is used to prevent violations of the patency of the fallopian tubes. Treatment is aimed at preventing recurrent ectopic pregnancies and infertility. It is important to note that medical termination of pregnancy leads to infertility less often than surgical termination.

After an ectopic pregnancy, anti-inflammatory drugs are used to prevent inflammation of the tubes on the he althy side. There are cases when both tubes are removed according to indications. The chance of getting pregnant remains in the presence of he althy ovaries. These women are treated with in vitro fertilization (IVF).

Consequences

Ectopic pregnancy surgery consequencesthe following:

• The greatest danger is the rupture of the fallopian tube. During a tubal pregnancy, the vessels of the tube are damaged. This leads to bleeding, pain and shock. If there is bloody discharge from the vagina, you should seek help immediately.
• Relapses are a common complication. 200 women out of 1000 come with repeated ectopic pregnancies. The risk of such a complication is lower with medical interruption and with preserved fallopian tube.

Besides complications within 10 days after surgery occur:

• bloating;
• pain at the site of surgery;
• fatigue.

Operation duration

Many are interested in the question, how long does an operation for an ectopic pregnancy last? The duration of the operation is about 1.5 hours. The individual characteristics of the woman are taken into account, as well as the complexity of the procedure.

Operation cost

When determining the cost of an ectopic pregnancy surgery, a number of factors are taken into account:

• professional staff;
• patient condition;
• treatment type;
• clinic popularity;
• rehabilitation after an ectopic pregnancy.

Rehabilitation required after treatment of ectopic pregnancy. The process is complex and lengthy. The success of rehabilitation will depend on the accuracy of identifying the cause of the disease. Depending on the cause, a rehabilitation course will be scheduled. During rehabilitation, it is carried out asdiagnostic and physiotherapeutic measures.