2024 Author: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 00:21
Estrus in a dog is a process that indicates that the female has entered puberty. Scientifically, the phenomenon is called estrus. It is believed that if it has begun, then the dog is ready to mate and bear offspring. When this happens, how long it lasts and how often it happens, we will consider further in detail.
Middle breeds - what are they?
Before answering the question of how long estrus lasts for dogs of medium breeds, it is worthwhile to clarify which animals specifically belong to the group under consideration. But there are a lot of them - more than 200 species. At the same time, pets of this size are considered the most popular among breeders. So, medium breeds include dogs whose height at the withers is 40-50 cm. Their weight is 12-40 kg.
Dogs belonging to medium breeds can live comfortably in apartments, they can easily fit in an elevator. They are generally non-aggressive, love children, and are capable of making excellent guards. How many days are in heat in dogs of medium breeds, importantknow the owner of the animal to behave correctly at this time.
A bit of physiology
When a dog hits puberty, eggs mature in its ovaries. Sexual cycles are outlined, which will continue throughout the life of the animal. The period of puberty is marked by the fact that a serious restructuring takes place in the body. Under the influence of hormones, the reproductive system and mammary glands develop. Puberty occurs before the end of the growth and development of the body. Therefore, it is important to understand that the onset of this period does not mean that the dog is ready to reproduce.
The estrous cycle (estrus) in a dog, as a rule, occurs when the weight of the female has reached 2/3 of the weight of an adult. In medium breed dogs, this period is from 8 to 12 months. Many factors influence its onset: conditions of detention, feeding.
During the first estrus, the female birth canal is not yet fully developed, so the onset of ovulation does not mean that the dog is able to bear and give birth to puppies. The physiological maturity of the female will come later, around the third, fourth, and sometimes fifth estrus.
Most countries legislate the dog's age when the first mating can be allowed. Unfortunately, this is not yet the case in Russia. Therefore, it is worth listening to the advice of experienced dog breeders.
Highlights
How long does a medium breed dog go into heat?Its duration is the same for representatives of different species. On average, estrus lasts 20-30 days, passes with a frequency of 1-2 times a year.
Having information about the duration of estrus in dogs of medium breeds will help the owner to be attentive to the pet during this difficult period for her. This is the only way to alleviate the condition of the dog.
When does the first heat occur?
In medium breed dogs, estrus begins at the age of 7 months to 1.5 years. It can be seen by the onset of a strong molt. The first heat is usually the shortest in duration. It may be mild, with a small amount of blood. It usually starts after the dog's teeth have changed.
False estrus also happens. It is possible in dogs close to puberty. If mating is allowed during it, estrus can be interrupted without the onset of ovulation. However, after a few days, estrus may resume, and the discharge will become profuse, which will attract males.
Signs manifested in behavior
When the first estrus in dogs (medium breeds and any other) begins, the owner may notice the following changes in his pet:
- urinating more frequently;
- behavior changes - dog may become restless or depressed;
- occasional salivation;
- pupils dilate;
- violated orientation of the animal in space;
- Male dogs may show interest in a female;
- bloody discharge from the so-calledloops;
- wool falls out.
Heating periods
The sexual cycle consists of several parts:
- Proestrus - Lasts 7 to 10 days. The body prepares for ovulation. The vulva swells, the genitals are hyperemic. As a result of rupture of blood vessels in the uterus, spotting begins, by the end of the period they become light and less abundant. At this time, you can notice how the behavior of the dog changes. She is excited, active and playful. On a walk, he can mark territory, disobey the owner and show interest in the opposite sex. However, the dog does not let the male yet.
- Estrus. This is the period of ovulation, lasting an average of 9 days. The discharge became light, sometimes bloody. The swelling of the genital organs subsides. The female lets the male approach her, takes her tail away. All other reflexes are muted and the dog may not feel hungry.
- Metaestrus (diestrus) - lasts for several days, the blood stops, the female does not allow dogs of the opposite sex to approach her. The end of heat is coming.
- Anestrus is a period of sexual dormancy, its duration can reach 150 days.
Physiological processes in the dog's body are under the influence of estrogen hormones. They affect the reproductive system of the animal, creating conditions for the appearance of estrus: swelling of the genital organs appears, the epithelium of the uterus is rejected, hyperemia of the vulva appears, the membranes of the reproductive organs of the dog swell.
During the described period maythe mammary glands increase, a secret comes out of them. This sometimes leads to mastitis and even tumors. In such cases, veterinarians recommend spaying the dog.
Duration and frequency
How many times a year can a female have oestrus? What will be the duration of estrus in a dog (medium breeds and all others)? Undoubtedly, these questions concern every owner of a four-legged pet.
Normally estrus occurs twice a year or three times every 14 months. It is bad if the cycle is more than 8 months and less than 4. This may indicate a dog's illness or a hormonal disorder. Then you can’t do without contacting a veterinarian.
The cycle is established by the age of 2 years. Until the pet has reached this milestone, there may be various periods between estrus, and this is the norm, do not worry. In adulthood, the cycle is even, but a deviation of several weeks is allowed.
Because medium breed dogs don't go into heat for exactly a month, the start dates shift throughout the year. Therefore, it is important for the owner to record the start and end dates of this period.
The duration of estrus can depend on many factors. It is impossible to give an unambiguous answer to the question of how long estrus lasts in dogs of medium breeds. This may depend on the conditions of detention. If the dog lives side by side with members of the opposite sex, the duration of estrus may increase. If the pet leads an active life, participatesin training and training, loaded with physical exercises, the period ends earlier.
How long estrus lasts in dogs of medium breeds also depends on the season. In winter, estrus ends earlier, while in summer it can last longer. Although this rule does not often apply to domestic dogs. But if the pet lives in an aviary, this may be relevant for her.
The duration of estrus can also be affected by the well-being of the dog, her he alth. If she has chronic diseases, this has a direct effect on the duration of estrus.
The question of how often estrus occurs in dogs of medium breeds is individual for each female. If the dog is in old age, the cycle increases in duration, the “rest phase” also stretches more and more every year. At the same time, estrus does not stop even in dogs of a “solid” age. Younger cats have longer cycles. It is important for the owner to record all changes: the beginning of estrus, the end, the behavior of the animal. This information can help keep track of a variety of dog he alth issues.
Recommendations to the owner
So, how long the estrus lasts for dogs of medium breeds, now it’s clear, but how should the owner behave during this period? If estrus is the first, the owner should record all the data on the beginning and end of the period, as well as the behavior of the pet at this time. This information will help calculate the time until the next estrus, as well as indicate a favorable mating period.
If the owner does not plan to breed offspring, the best thing during this period is not to let the dog off the leash. This applies even toobedient animals. During the period of sexual activity, the dog may become uncontrollable and break loose. And it will be extremely difficult to drag the male away from her.
Also, do not participate in exhibitions. Firstly, the pet's behavior changes and can sometimes become unpredictable. And secondly, random knitting is not excluded.
During the period of estrus, it is important to protect the dog from possible infections. For example, she should not be allowed to swim in a pond.
Hygiene rules
Often, dog owners wonder if their pet should wear special shorts during estrus? There are pros and cons to wearing them.
Vets do not recommend using this type of hygienic device during estrus as the dog must lick itself.
But sometimes such underpants are simply necessary: for example, the pet is used to sleeping on the bed or she has to go by public transport. In the second case, you should take care of protecting the dog from infections.
When choosing hygienic pants for a dog, you should evaluate the material from which they are sewn. It must be natural. A hole is needed for the tail, and seams are undesirable so that the skin of the animal is not irritated. This thing must be chosen in size so that the dog feels comfortable. There are options for Velcro and fasteners. There are even briefs-overalls.
Hosts who want to save money make such products themselves from children's rompers or shorts.
Possible problems
Some owners don'tknowing how estrus passes in dogs of medium breeds, they do not notice its onset. Especially if it is the first and goes without bloodshed. All signs of estrus may be present except for blood. It also happens that there are no signs of estrus, but it passes.
In such a situation, the owner should be careful. After all, males do not let a dog in heat pass, and mating can occur and, as a result, conception.
To determine if the female has a bloodless estrus, they take tests. It is simply necessary to contact the veterinarian with a dog, because oestrus without blood is an abnormal phenomenon. The specialist will be able to determine the hormonal background of the animal and, if necessary, prescribe treatment. An unusual heat should not be missed, because it may indicate the presence of tumors or other diseases.
Mating planning
If the owner knows how many days of estrus in dogs of medium breeds, he will be able to prepare the pet for mating if he plans to get offspring from her. The notes made earlier will help in this matter. Thanks to them, you can understand how many days from the onset of estrus must pass so that the dog can be sent for mating. It is very important to determine the moment of ovulation, usually it takes place 11-15 days after the onset of estrus.
Mating should be done before feeding the dogs. The female is brought to the male, and not vice versa. The atmosphere should be calm, crowds of people are undesirable. Usually dogs themselves are able to understand such matters. In rare cases, the assistance of an instructor is required forknitting.
Conclusion
So, the questions, when is the first estrus in dogs of medium breeds and how long does it last, have now been clarified. All the owner of a female dog needs to know is that between 6 months and 2 years of age, the dog will go into estrus. This is a special period in the life of an animal when you should take care of the pet in order to alleviate its condition. Walking the dog should only be on a leash, it is worth protecting it from attending social events. It is not uncommon for dogs to change their behavior at this time, and this should also be taken into account.
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