2025 Author: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Last modified: 2025-01-22 17:55
The unique properties of cotton have been known to mankind for more than one millennium. Once upon a time, people learned to make fabric from this plant and sew clothes from it. It is still cultivated today, and on a huge industrial scale. Despite the large number of varieties of modern artificial fabrics, natural cotton products are incomparable in quality with any of them. And what’s more, it’s not for nothing that cotton is called “white gold”!
Cotton is the king among fabric raw materials
This is an annual plant "living" in Central Asia, Kazakhstan, Transcaucasia and other regions. In small boxes above the cotton seeds are delicate "clouds" of natural vegetable cellulose fiber. They are the main value. Depending on the length of the fibers, cotton is classified as long-staple, medium-staple and short-staple. To the touch, the cotton ball is very soft, warm, dry and slightly rough. Cotton fabrics differ in thickness (thick, medium, thin) and the location of the pile (one-sided and two-sided pile). This "gentle" material is familiar to everyone since childhood, becauseIt is from it that clothes for babies are sewn. Even for newborns, the natural properties of cotton fabric are ideal. Unfortunately, at present, materials made of 100% natural "white gold" can be found less and less, and their cost is growing more and more. But in mass production, mixed options are made containing a different percentage of cotton threads. It is quite difficult to visually distinguish these fabrics from each other, however, when touching the body, the sensations of natural and semi-natural material are completely different.
Composition and properties of cotton
Cotton is the most important raw material in the textile industry. It contains 90% pure cellulose. The thickness of the villi-threads ranges from 0.01 to 0.04 mm. They are located one above the other in a spiral, and in the process of spinning, screwing one into the other, they cause excellent adhesion. Clothing made from natural cotton fabrics has excellent hygroscopic and "breathable" properties, due to which it perfectly absorbs sweat, does not stick to the body and creates an optimal microclimate. All cotton items are highly hygienic, they are very comfortable to wear, do not cause allergic reactions and skin irritations, therefore they are suitable for absolutely everyone. In the presence of skin diseases, doctors recommend wearing only cotton clothes, as it has a healing effect, providing the skin with breath.
Physical and chemical properties of cotton
Cotton cannot be dissolved in alkali, phenol and acetone, but it candestroy hydrochloric and sulfuric acids. It withstands high temperatures, has high resistance to tearing and abrasion, which makes it possible to repeatedly wash in hot water with the use of detergents and long-term wear of things made from natural cotton fabrics. In addition, the properties of cotton contribute to the absorption of up to 20% moisture from its own weight, leaving a feeling of dryness.
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