2024 Author: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 00:21
The question of how to develop a child at 3 months is asked by many parents. The increased interest in this topic at this time is especially relevant, because the baby is finally starting to show emotions and is aware of his physical strength. At this age, there is a sharp jump in everything that the baby has learned. This stage is so important that it is worth considering in detail all the changes that occur with the baby at this age.
Features of the period
This age is considered by some pediatricians to be borderline transitional, and some even argue that the gestational age for women should be 12 months, not 9. They explain their theory by the fact that only 3 months after birth, the baby becomes capable of life outside the mother's womb and acquires social qualities. A child at 3 months really changes dramatically: he cries less and communicates more, he has infant colic, he begins to show interest in the world around him, physically becomes stronger and more coordinated, his hearing and vision are improving.
Hearing and vision
The first thing that mothers of a 3-month-old baby pay attention to is that he begins to listen to unfamiliar sounds. Not only that, he even turns to the source of the sound.
The distance from which the baby is able to distinguish sounds significantly increases: now he hears all the sounds that are heard within a radius of three meters from him. At birth, this distance was 2 times less.
A particularly touching discovery for parents is that the development of a three-month-old child has reached the level when he recognizes people close to him. Seeing a familiar face, the baby begins to smile and grimace. The little one is also able to indicate his discovery and emotion with his voice. A 3-month-old child looks at his hands for a long time: moves his fingers, puts them into fists. Also, the object of attention is the mother's face and breasts, rotating toys over the crib.
Gross motor skills
Significantly improves the gross motor skills of the child. Now it is not so easy to catch him in one position - he persistently tries to raise his head and body, moves his arms, raising and lowering them.
Lying on his stomach, the baby tries to rise on the arms, while raising his head at an angle 90 degrees. In this position, he is able to stay for 30-50 seconds. From a reclining position, the child also tends to sit down all the time, and from a position lying on his stomach or back, he manages to roll over onto his side. When parents carry a baby in their arms, he holdshead straight, so it no longer needs to be supported every time you pick up your child.
Fine motor skills
Touching at this age is the child's interest in toys and the desire to take them in a pen. Someone at this age manages to hold a rattle in his hands and even puts it in his mouth, while someone is just trying to capture it. In both cases, the baby's coordination improves rapidly.
It's not just toys that become attractive objects for licking at this age. Everything that can be reached reaches into the mouth: diapers, toys, mother's fingers, own clothes. Exploratory talents also appear: the child likes to touch different objects, faces and hair. Touching, he feels the object.
Social Development
At this age, the baby dramatically socializes and turns from a detached little man into a person with conscious desires, whims and interest in his small world around him.
At 3 months old, a small child begins to be interested in everything that happens around him: he is attracted to unfamiliar sounds, he begins to follow the movement of his parents. The baby likes it when mom or dad wears it around the house and talks about the surrounding things. The inner world of the baby is forming: he no longer just recognizes mom and dad, but tries to attract their attention, kicking his legs, making faces or cooing. At this age, many children begin to laugh out loud for the first time.
Developing one's own speech
The development of a three-month-old baby and his speech apparatus directly depends on hearing. The ability to hear appears from the first days of life and by three months reaches a level that ensures rapid progress in speech and, in general, has a positive effect on the development of the child. At the age of 3 months, the baby begins to laugh out loud for the first time, which also reflects the development of the auditory and speech apparatus.
That is why, by the age of three months, the baby begins to actively walk, calming himself and talking to himself. You can even talk to a child, he answers with simple sounds - “aaa”, “uuu”, “yyy”. The speech skills of a child at 3 months are such that he can even combine sounds or replace with other vowels. Each of them now has its own intonation fullness. With the help of the emotional coloring of the pronounced vowels, the child expresses his state: when he is hungry, when something bothers and when he wants to sleep. Each of these states now has its own intonation characteristic, which also reflects the characteristic skills of a child at 3 months.
Self-care skills
A 3-month-old baby is certainly still helpless, and the word "self-care" has a somewhat generalized meaning here. However, it is able to reflect the essence of the process, which lies in the ability of the child to help himself in something.
So, by three months, the baby is able to take the object he needs and bring it to his eyes in order to better examine, or to his mouth in order to lick. However, taking the samepacifier, he will not be able to put it in his mouth in the right way the first time, and if he succeeds, then most likely by accident. feeding. Also, the child opens his mouth when he realizes that he is trying to drink water from a spoon.
Daily routine
By the age of three months, the baby's daily routine changes dramatically. Firstly, it is less often applied to the breast - instead of 12 feedings a day after birth, 8 are enough for him. The second qualitative change concerns the duration of night sleep: the baby now has 10-11 hours of rest with two nightly feedings. The third important point relates to the duration of daytime sleep. After three months, the baby sleeps three times a day for 1.5-2 hours. In addition, the baby's sleep becomes stronger, now he does not wake up when you try to shift him to his bed. This is due to the fact that now sleep in children begins with a deep phase, and not fast, as it was in the first three months.
Massage
After three months, the increased tone of the arms and legs usually disappears in the baby, thanks to which he begins to better coordinate his movements. However, this does not always work and not for everyone. How to develop a child at 3 months with massage? To help him learn to control the muscles, neonatologists recommend regularly doing a special massage that improves blood circulation and tactile sensitivity of the baby. Thanks to thisthe procedure also develops muscle strength.
The massage technology is very simple: it is performed in the form of strokes, light rubbing, circular movements. All manipulations should be carried out very carefully, with light pressure. Each procedure is repeated 2-3 times. Sequence and nature of actions during baby massage:
- Starting with arms and legs. Massage is carried out by stroking and circular movements.
- At the end, you can do a series of passive exercises to develop muscle strength. To do this, it is recommended to breed and cross the arms on the chest of the child. To develop the muscles on the legs, perform sliding movements of the foot on the surface of the table - forward and backward.
- The “flip” procedure will help you master your own body faster. To do this, you need to carefully turn the baby from the stomach to the back and vice versa, while supporting the pelvis.
- Don't forget the tummy and back. Massage the tummy in a circular motion with your fingers and fist very gently. And the back should be stroked in circular and zigzag movements with fingertips.
- Don't forget about the press. Holding the handles, raise the head and torso of the child to a semi-sitting position.
- Neonatologists also recommend massaging the baby's feet, "boxing" the child's fists and rocking the children on the massage ball.
How to deal with a child
The condition for the harmonious development of the child is the lessons of his parents with him. By three months, the baby responds to affection, voice and needs to communicate. How to develop a child at 3 months, how to interest him and teach him new skills?
- Show love: hug the baby, kiss his fingers and tummy, blow on his feet. This is a necessary condition for him to feel needed and protected.
- Listen to music with him. Choose classic melodies and quiet sound. Clap your hands to the beat of the music.
- Little children love it when their mother sings songs to them. Nothing can replace a tender lullaby sung by a mother.
- Make different sounds and make faces - this will encourage the baby to repeat the sounds after you and develop his speech apparatus.
- Teach your child to find the source of the sound.
- Develop his olfactory ability: let's smell banana, bread, flower.
- Also work with your sense of touch: offer your baby alternately hard and soft objects, light and heavy, prickly and delicate.
- Show the baby that there is a rhythm in the conversation: when communicating with him, stop, as if waiting for an answer. Soon the baby will start cooing with you.
- Comment on your every action. This will expand his understanding of what this or that movement means.
- Standing near the mirror, show the child where his nose is and where it is with you.
- Raising or lowering it, comment on it with the words "Up!", "Down!" etc.
Toys & Entertainment
The choice of toys at this age is influenced by the new abilities of the baby. Therefore, if the question arises of how to developa child at 3 months with the help of toys, you should focus on what he can do at this age. Recall that the baby became interested in the world around him, learned to take objects with his hands, began to respond to sounds. In accordance with this, toys on pendants are selected:
- garlands in the stroller, which you can reach with your hand;
- electric vehicles above the crib;
- toys with rubber bands in the car seat.
To stimulate the development of hearing and vision are selected:
- toys with sound and light;
- various rustlers, rustlers;
- soft mirror toys.
A kid at this age has learned to roll over on his side - which means that you can’t leave him alone even for a minute. It's time to have an arena. The child should be interested there, so put toys there that he can only play with there. If it becomes necessary to leave the children's room in order to do household chores, the baby can be taken with you in a portable chair with pendants.
What should alert
Child development indicators may vary in each case, but at 3 months the child should acquire some skills. If any of the above skills is missing in the crumbs, it is recommended to contact your local doctor. In some of these cases, a referral to a pediatric neurologist and surgeon may be required.
One of the worrisome moments may be that by three months the baby does not holdhead on their own.
If a three-month-old baby does not follow the toys with his eyes and does not show interest in them at all, this is a serious reason to see a doctor.
By three months, the baby is already smiling and grimacing with might and main. Poor facial expressions and lack of emotion require a visit to a doctor. Also an important indicator at this age is the baby's ability to control the movements of his arms and legs.
Physical development of a baby at three months of age
As every month up to a year, the pediatrician will assess the development of the child at 3 months. Height, weight, head and abdomen circumference must comply with the norms. Exceeding the reference values, as well as their underestimated values, requires attention. Below is a table that shows the allowable weight values for children of this age. The physical development of a child at 3 months, according to this table, should be characterized by a certain weight and height. In particular, the weight for boys is considered normal if it is in the range of 4.9-7 kg. Height should be from 56.5 to 62 cm.
| Minimum values | Maximum values | |
| Weight in kg (boys) | 4, 9 | 7, 0 |
| Weight in kg (girls) | 4, 8 | 6, 3 |
| Height in cm (boys) | 56, 5 | 62 |
| Height in cm (girls) | 56, 2 | 61, 8 |
Worth itto say that a newborn baby usually has a small fat layer and is very fragile. Already a few months after birth, his body is noticeably rounded, so the development of a child at 3 months (photos of children can be seen in the article) is accompanied by the appearance of more rounded shapes.
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