2024 Author: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 00:21
As soon as the baby comes into this world, grandparents, friends and acquaintances, aunts and uncles and, of course, the newly-made parents themselves are wondering who the baby looks like. Whose nose, mouth, cheeks does he have. And one of the main questions is: "What eye color will the child have?" Can blue-eyed parents have a brown-eyed girl? Or a dark-eyed couple - a boy with blue eyes? Let's figure it out!
What determines eye color in children? There can be no unequivocal answer here, because although 90% of it is decided by genetics, the remaining 10% still depend on the case.
The color of human eyes is determined by the amount of a pigment called "melanin" in the iris. The minimum amount of melanin means the color of the eyes is blue, the maximum amount is brown. The rest of the colors and shades are between these two points of the spectrum. Amount of pigmentdetermined genetically.
All newborn babies have either dark brown or blue-grey eyes. Then, depending on the speed and amount of melanin produced by the body, the color of the eyes will change. It is possible to finally determine what eye color a child will have when they reach three years. Until this age, it can change, but for most children everything is clear already at the age of six months to a year. There are exceptions to the rule: there are people whose eye color changes throughout life.
It is a misconception that if both parents are brown-eyed, the child must also have the same eye color. To their surprise, a blue-eyed child can also be born. How many families broke up because of such cases, when people had no idea what genetics is. Of course, suspicion fell on the woman. Meanwhile, everything is quite simple. Let's look at the simplest example from a modern school biology textbook.
What eye color will the baby have? You can't guess ahead of time. Each person has two variants of the same gene: maternal and paternal. The two versions of a gene are called alleles. One of them will be dominant, the other - recessive. So, brown eye color is dominant. But a child can also get a recessive allele from one of the parents.
Let's denote the brown eye color with the letter "K", and the blue color, which is recessive, with a small "g". The combination of two alleles, one from each parent, is responsible for eye color in the human body. Thus, a brown-eyed person will have either a combination of "KK" or "Kg". The blue-eyed child, in turn, can only have "yy".
A child may have blue eyes if both dark-eyed parents have incomplete brown dominance, that is, both have the "Kg" allele. In other words, if a child's grandparents have blue eyes, their grandson may very well be blue-eyed!
Mom "Kg" + dad "Kg"=KK (brown-eyed baby) or Kg (brown-eyed child) or gg (blue-eyed).
Today there are even peculiar calculators to determine what color the child's eyes will be. Of course, our explanation is very schematic and does not reflect the full complexity of genetic processes. Still, the conception and development of a child is a great mystery, and our mind is not always able to realize it. What eye color will the child have - is it really that important? It's more important that he be he althy and live a happy life, isn't it?
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