The oldest dog breed: name, description with photo, breeding and genotype

2024 Author: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 00:21

Dogs are the oldest species, older than man! But which breed of dog is the oldest? This is of interest to many animal lovers. Today there are many breeds that were bred artificially, but in fashion are such dogs that were created by nature itself! Today we will get acquainted with the oldest breeds of dogs, and the list of US scientists who in 2004 conducted a DNA analysis to identify the oldest of the breeds will help us with this.

List of the oldest breeds

Man has long been interested in what kind of dog was the first of those tamed, who was our first friend? DNA analysis to identify the oldest dog breed in the world has stunned many. As the results showed, some breeds turned out to be much older than previously thought, while others, considered even unrelated, turned out to be subspecies. We present for you a list of 14 ancient breedsdogs:

• Alaskan Malamute.
• Akita Inu.
• Afghan Hound.
• Pekingese.
• Basenji.
• Phasa Apso.
• Saluki.
• Samoyed.
• Siberian Husky.
• Shiba Inu.
• Tibetan Terrier.
• Chow Chow.
• Shih Tzu.
• Shar Pei.

I would like to add the handsome Alabai to this list. This is an ancient breed of shepherd dog, which is still used for its intended purpose in many countries today. Let's talk about the most popular breeds in more detail.

Alabai: description, breeding

The breed has been formed over 4000 years, and the blood of shepherd, fighting, nomadic dogs flows in its veins. During the formation of the dog breed, cruel natural selection went through: difficult climatic living conditions, protection of housing, livestock, hard physical labor and the fight against predators - all this tempered the character and gave the appearance and endurance that we know now.

The standard of this oldest breed of dog was adopted only in 1993, softening changes were made in 2000 and 2010. Today there is such a standard:

1. Sizes of male at withers not less than 70 cm, bitches - at least 65 cm.
2. Weight - from 40 to 80 kg.
3. Powerful physique, strong paws, widely spaced, broad chest, belly tucked up, noted high back.
4. Working qualities - protection and protection.

Today, many people get an Alabai as a companion, and this dog is perfect for this role. Easy to train, friendlychildren and other animals.

Alabai breeding is carried out in many cities of Russia, so it is not difficult to buy a high-breed puppy.

Alaskan Malamute

One of the oldest aboriginal dog breeds. The dog was bred by the Malemute Eskimo tribe, hence the name. The Malamute genus comes from wolves, which is noticeable by the color of M. Loot (breed line, there is also Kotzebue, and this one has other colors besides wolf). Recall that the breed takes its roots from wolves, you can by the absolute inability of the dog to bark! The purpose of the dog is to work in harness.

Standards:

1. The main thing is the limbs, they must be strong, he althy. Any deviation indicates a weak genotype.
2. Size: male - 63 cm, female - 58 cm.
3. Weight - 38 kg for male, 34 for female.
4. The eyes are only brown. If the blues are a mix, and a reason for disqualification.
5. There should be no aggression in the character.

The character is balanced, calm. The dog itself is agile, despite the apparent heaviness of the physique. Friendly to other animals and children. Recommended for enclosures and in the yard. Not for flats and chains!

Akita Inu

Everyone remembers Hachiko! Akita Inu is the oldest breed of dog not only in Japan, but also in the world. The oldest remains (DNA analysis showed that this is exactly the breed) are dated to the second millennium BC. The breed is a hunter, and was previously used for precisely this purpose, dogs are especially good at catching large animals.

Standard:

1. Height males 67 cm, females - 61 everywhere +/- 3 cm.
2. Weight from 40 to 50 kg.
3. Only three colors are allowed: pure white, red with white chest, mask, inner paws, and brindle with white undercoat.

The Akita Inu is bred all over the world. The breed gained particular popularity after the release of the film "Hachiko". The breed is kind, smart, suitable for keeping in an apartment and an aviary, ideal for families with children.

Afghan Hound

There is a myth that the Afghan Hound is the most ancient breed in the world, as its ancestors are one of the pairs of animals that were lucky enough to be on Noah's ark. It is believed that the modern Afghan hound is a descendant of the result of crossing the ancient greyhound with the Saluki breed. The Afghan woman really looks like a Saluki, only she came out richer in wool! The first Afghan Hound breeding club was organized only in 1926, and immediately the breed was recognized by the AKC.

Standard:

1. Height for males from 68 to 74 cm, for females - from 63 to 69.
2. Despite their height, the dogs are quite light: male 27, female 23 kg (average parameter, small deviations are allowed).
3. Only white spots are undesirable in color, especially if they are present on the head.

Samoyed dog

Belongs to an ancient breed of northern sled dogs. Today there are several breed standards: Canadian, English, Australian, South African, New Zealand and FCI. Breed more than threethousand years, and there is an opinion that the Samoyed dog is a domesticated polar wolf in the past, however, a more comfortable life with a person gave changes in appearance (not in many ways). The Samoyed dog was previously used as a shepherd, guard, hunting assistant, and also as a nanny for small children! By the way, each of the points is still relevant.

Standards:

1. Colour pure white.
2. Height male from 51 to 56 cm, females from 46 to 51 cm.
3. Weight is small - 20-30 kg.
4. Wool is long, thick, good undercoat.

Cheerful, kind, playful dog. Excellent with other animals, loves children. Prone to wandering, needs long walks.

Pekingese

The breed is medium-sized, popular with lovers of glamorous dogs! The breed is one of the oldest, originated more than two thousand years ago. In China, it was considered a sacred animal, and kept in the Imperial Palace, no worse than the Emperor himself! Pekingese breeding began in Europe only after five animals were stolen from Beijing - from the Emperor's chambers, and during this time the breed has changed a lot. Modern Pekingese are heavier, and this seems to be due to shorter legs.

Standards:

1. Growth males from 15 to 25 cm, females - up to 23 cm.
2. The average weight is 2.5 kg.
3. Color is very different, but the most popular is red, the rarest is white.
4. An upturned muzzle must have a transverse fold.

The nature of the Pekingese is very cute,but require special attention. They are playful, fearless, arrogant and very loyal! They love children, they can scatter things out of boredom, so it's better to play with them a lot!

Siberian Husky

This is a very ancient breed of dogs, which was bred by the natives of northeastern Siberia. The breed was officially registered only in 1930. Purpose - driving, but now she is both a companion dog and a show dog. The breed has been known since the Neolithic, but began to diverge around the world only from the time of the "Gold Rush". Breeding the Siberian Husky is a difficult and troublesome business. These dogs are very voracious and very mobile. For them, you need to properly organize the diet: proper nutrition, moderate exercise, otherwise the dogs will begin to gain excess weight, which for them is tantamount to a serious illness.

Standards:

1. Height male - 53-60 cm, females - 50-56 cm.
2. Weight - males up to 28 kg, females - up to 23 kg.
3. The tail is straight, carried down only at rest. When the dog is on edge, tense, the tail rises up, twists like a sickle.
4. The eyes are blue, but can be brown. Often there are odd-eyed.

The dog is unsuitable for hunting (does not bring prey), for protection (security qualities are not developed, it is not aggressive towards people, even strangers), service (too self-sufficient). This is a companion dog, for the soul (of course, if you do not have a harness), but she needs long walks, runs, suits the most active people. In apartment conditions, the dog will suffer, she needsyard, spacious aviary.

Shar Pei

The breed is one of the oldest, originally from China. It was used as a watchman, guard, assistant in hunting, and also as entertainment in dog fights. The Shar-Pei is believed to have descended from either the Mastiff or the smooth-coated Chow Chow. In ancient times, Shar-Pei lived at the same time with the latter, and both breeds have a blue tongue. The Shar Pei is over 3,000 years old and is a direct descendant of the first four dog breeds from which all breeds known today are descended. That is, the Shar Pei genotype is the least different from wolves, like that of the Samoyed dog, Siberian Husky, although outwardly these breeds are completely different!

Standards:

1. Bluish-black gums, tongue and palate.
2. Skin folds are the result of a genetic mutation.
3. Color may vary.
4. Height - from 46 to 51 cm.
5. Weight - from 18 to 25 kg.

The dog is balanced, calm, normally treats children. It can show aggression towards other animals, therefore it needs socialization and training from early childhood. The eyes are set deep, so there are problems with vision, and this can make the dog afraid of sudden movements - which does not mean intimidation.

What is the oldest dog breed in the world? This remains a mystery for now.