Monocle is Monocle glasses: design and wearing methods

2024 Author: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 00:21

Sometimes it happens that people begin to see poorly, that is, vision disappears. And no matter how much you want, but sooner or later you have to wear glasses. Everyone knows that glasses are one of the most common devices that are designed to improve or correct a person’s vision, and they also protect the eyes from harmful effects. Glasses are used by people whose vision deviates from the norm, and this does not depend on the type of deviation.

Point composition

As a rule, all types of glasses consist of the following:

• Lenses.
• Rim frames.
• "Bridge" frames.
• Temples or temples.
• Nose support.
• Hinge or lock.

Monocle is glasses for the correction of one eye

There are times when one eye does not see well, and it needs to be corrected, an optical device has been developed for this. This optical device became a luxury item in the 19th century, only rich people could afford it. At the present time, you rarely see anyone with such a device. "What kind of optical device is this?" - you ask. The answer is simple: this device is called a monocle.

Monocle is one of the types of glasses for correction orvision improvement. Its component is a lens, most often with a frame and with an attached chain so that it can be fixed on clothes. Also, the chain was necessary in order not to lose monocle glasses. The monocle itself is small in size, sits perfectly in the eye cavity. In general, one eye cannot hold glasses, so you just have to be surprised or raise an eyebrow - as they fall out of the cavity.

The appearance of the monocle

The monocle appeared in the 19th century, initially this optical device looked like a lens with a handle. Most often, it was used in order to be able to read the text, it was held directly in front of the text itself or in front of the eyes. The handle soon lost its function because it became common to pinch the monocle with the muscles of the face.

History of the Monocle

The monocle is a retrograde symbol that has left a colorful imprint not only in literature, but also in the visual arts. The first adherent of the new fashion is the famous writer Emile de Girardin. The Prince de Sagan introduced a tortoise-shell lorgnette with a wide moire band, and the Prince de Beaufremont wore a monocle on the brim of his hat. French journalist and writer Aurellien Scholl wore a rimless monocle. But the famous George Sand used the device so that unfamiliar men could be examined, this led them to bewilderment and delight, because such behavior was beyond decency. The monocle was also used by the poets Jean Morreas and Jean Lorrain, the writer Joris-Karl Huysmans. Although the latter is the mostpreferred pince-nez, but still there are photographs where he is depicted with a monocle.

At the beginning of the 20th century, the English minister Neville Chamberlain became famous, he became famous for his monocle. However, many believed that they did not suit him, but he still continued to wear them. At the present time, the model is "used" by the fictional character Eustace Tilly, he is a real dandy and the mascot of the famous The New Yorker magazine. The first time Tilly appeared on the cover of this magazine was in 1925. During this period, the owners of the monocle were already ridiculed, but, apparently, this does not prevent the fictional character from living in the slightest.

Monocle in Russia

In Russia, representatives of various literary movements began to wear the monocle. Baron Nikolai Frangel regularly wore the device and did not take it off. After the end of the revolution, the monocle began to be called a sign of the old regime and the bourgeoisie. Even artists began to wear it, the people who were depicted on the posters also had an inserted lens.

Monocle is an optical device that became popular at the same time as pince-nez. These two types of glasses were popular before the First World War. They were massively worn on the face, most often by men. The monocle was very popular with guards officers, especially German ones. The device gained maximum popularity in Germany and the Russian Empire. When the war began, the monocle ceased to be popular in Russia.

Mikhail Bulgakov is considered the last lover of such a device. It is generally accepted that the monocle is shockinga symbol of bourgeoisness for Bulgakov. Mikhail Afanasyevich bought it after receiving his first fee. Immediately after the acquisition, he was photographed with him. After that, he distributed this photo to all his friends and acquaintances. The monocle is also associated with one of the best symbols of European life in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

Design

A monocle is a single optical lens, which is placed in a thin frame with an accompanying lace or chain. The lace was hung on the lapel or on the button of the jacket. The monocle lens was well attached to the frame, and it could not fall out of it.

Wearing Methods

If the monocle was not used, then it was worn in the vest pocket. If it was used, then it was inserted into the eye cavity and clamped between the eyebrow and cheek. Historians note that due to muscular effort, the face became special. Such a face became the image of an aristocratic person. The wearers of the monocle came up with some kind of acrobatics, they inserted the device into the eye socket and quickly dropped it. It was some kind of entertainment among connoisseurs of the monocle.

Pins-nez

Pins-nez are glasses without temples that cling to the ears, they were held on the nose by pinching the spring on the bridge of the nose. For the first time, pince-nez became known in the 16th century, but they became one of the fashionable accessories and regular household items only in the 19th century, along with the monocle. Pince-nez is translated from French pincer - "to pinch", and nez - "nose". The first pince-nez were round in shape, over time they acquired an oval shape. Generally considered to be the 19th centurytime-saturated variety of accessories. The only tricky requirement for selecting pince-nez was that, in addition to choosing the lens, the frame had to be carefully chosen to fit perfectly. If the frame was chosen incorrectly, then the person's nose became sick, but good vision correction occurred. Then I had to treat my nose to avoid this, people tried to choose the right frame.

Pins-nez and Chekhov

Many believe that pince-nez is an integral part of the image of Anton Pavlovich Chekhov, but he has it in the most recent years. The writer began to wear it in 1897. After a serious illness, Chekhov was examined by many doctors. Astigmatism was detected by the ophthalmologist, plus he had a difference in diopters of one and a half units, so the lenses were selected for a long time. The brother of Anton Pavlovich wore pince-nez all his life, so the writer often tried it on. It turns out that Chekhov saw his vision problems, but for some reason was in no hurry to get rid of them. One day, after all, I had to go to the doctor, it was difficult for him to pick up lenses, but from that moment Anton Chekhov began to wear pince-nez. Now Chekhov's pince-nez can be seen in his museums, it is kept there to this day.

Photographer and monocle

At the present time, many photographers use the monocle, because it is a simple lens that consists of a single positive lens. There is a classic view that was proposed by William Wollaston back in the early 19th century for using a camera - obsura. This lens looks like a concave and convex meniscus, which turns concave outward towards the subject. FROMWith this lens you can change the astigmatism and reduce the field curvature in the image. This is due to the negative astigmatism of the anterior surface.

Monocle as a lens has a low aperture ratio and a small angle of view. A photograph that was taken with such a lens is usually low-contrast with low sharpness decreasing towards the edge. Although the sharpness can be increased. In the modern world, a creative, soft-focus lens is used, which is most often used for portraits, landscapes, and still lifes. Modern photographers are very fond of using a monocle for their photographs. After all, thanks to him, you can take very beautiful pictures that will only please the eye.