Timpania of the scar in cows: etiology, pathogenesis, symptoms and treatment features

2024 Author: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 00:21

Cattle often suffer from rumen tympania. Most often, the disease is provoked as a result of a violation by shepherds of the regime and certain rules for grazing cows. In this article, we will discuss in detail what constitutes an ailment, how it manifests itself and how to treat rumen tympania in cows. We will also pay attention to the etiology of the disease.

Important to know

During illness, a huge amount of gas is formed, which accumulates in the anterior part of the stomach. It may seem that this is a completely harmless disease, but if help is not provided in a timely manner, the rumen tympania of cattle will go into an acute stage, and the animal will die.

Therefore, every person who decides to start breeding cows should know absolutely everything about the symptoms and methods of treating this pathology.

What is rumen tympania in animals and how the disease progresses

Timpania - bloating in the stomach, which leads to excessive gas formation caused by the use offast-fermenting feed. The animal may stop burping completely, or do so much less frequently, leading to rapid development of rumen tympania.

It is worth remembering that timpania leads not only to swelling of the scar, but also to its stretching. Blood sugar levels can drop seriously, disrupting the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats. Due to the increased size of the scar, the internal organs located in the abdominal cavity are compressed, and blood flow to the chest is significantly reduced. This can lead to a decrease in the volume of the lungs and the systolic volume of the heart, as well as to a deterioration in gas exchange, oxygen starvation.

What provokes the appearance of the disease

Most often, cows are predisposed to such a disease, in the diet of which it is present in large quantities:

• alfalfa;
• wiki;
• beets;
• cabbage;
• damp or damp grass.

Eating rotten or spoiled feed can contribute to the occurrence of pathology.

Development of pathology

As a rule, fermentation of feed in the stomach is a natural physiological process. Part of the formed gases is excreted, the other part moves into the intestines. But if the balance of the liquid is disturbed, which becomes too much, fermentation becomes more intense, which ends with foaming of the digested feed masses. Because of this, the animal is deprived of the opportunity to burp excess gas, and the scar turns into a closedcapacity.

Causes of disease development

Timpania can have the following stages and forms:

• subacute;
• spicy;
• chronic;
• primary and secondary forms.

The acute stage of the primary form can be caused by eating large quantities of potatoes and alfalfa, beets and stale clover, wet greens, rotten apples, legumes, and corn on the cob. Rumen tympania in a cow develops incredibly quickly if the animal is taken to a watering place immediately after the meal is finished. In this case, it is necessary to urgently seek help from specialists, as the animal may stop producing milk.

The secondary form of the disease appears after eating poisonous plants, such as:

• aconite;
• hemlock;
• veh poisonous;
• colchicum.

The chronic form requires long-term treatment, and it appears in those cows that have traumatic sciatica or chronic gastritis.

Symptoms

The emerging tympania of the scar can be easily identified at the initial stage, it is enough just to observe the behavior of the cow. The animal refuses food and becomes restless, which is associated with discomfort in the chest area, as well as pain in the front of the abdomen. At the same time, the cow constantly lies down and gets up, examines her stomach, beats her hooves, hunches her back, waves her tail and mooes. In a sick animal, physiological processes also change:

• vein enlargement,located on the head;
• breathing fast, heavy, accompanied by wheezing and coughing;
• bluish mucous membranes;
• saliva becomes frothy;
• rumination process stops;
• vomit;
• complete cessation of scar movement;
• the hungry fossa flattens out, resulting in an increase in the volume of the abdomen.

Noticing such signs, it is necessary to provide first aid to the cow, without which she will simply die in 2-3 hours. With acute rumen tympania, the restless behavior of cattle is more pronounced than with foamy.

If the animal has a chronic form of the disease, then the symptoms are less pronounced, appearing only after eating. A sick cow will gradually lose weight, and the lack of proper care and treatment will lead to death. Delay in providing first aid is not recommended, since a cow with a similar diagnosis lives no more than two months.

Cow rumen tympania: treatment

Before you begin to treat the animal, it is necessary to establish the cause of the onset and development of the disease. First of all, you need to examine the pharynx and palpate the esophagus. It is best to use a probe, it can be used to provoke the separation of gases from the proventriculus.

If during the examination you managed to detect a foreign body or object, then you must do the following:

• pour vegetable oil down the throat of an animal;
• remove foreign body with hands or probe;
• when a blockage is detected, it is necessarybreak it with boiled potatoes, which are pressed through the walls of the esophagus;
• call the vet.

If the cow is in serious condition or the blockage is due to a tumor, the doctor may decide to perform surgery. In this case, the veterinarian will give you a medical history. Tympania of the scar needs urgent treatment. The cow is laid in such a way that the front part of the body is higher than the back, thereby facilitating belching. You also need to pour cold water on the left side, and then massage it with straw. In order for the cow not to close her mouth, they put on mouths.

You can belch with a rope that irritates the palate. And also rhythmically stick out the cow's tongue - this will help get rid of excess gases.

Sounding

If the above methods did not work, you will have to insert a metal probe into the animal's oral cavity. Before starting the procedure, it is necessary to fix a special plug in the mouth with a through hole through which the probe lubricated with oil will pass. If an obstruction occurs during probing, you should pull out the tube and try to reinsert it into the throat.

If the probing was successful, the gases should easily come out of the rumen. Periodically it is necessary to clean the probe cover, as it can become clogged with small food particles. When most of the gases have been removed, a solution of vinegar (1 tablespoon) and water (1 liter) is poured into the tube. One of the following drugs is also administered:

• "Formalin" (10-15 ml).
• "Lysol" (5-10 ml per 1-2 liters of water).
• "Ichthyol" (10-20 g).

Surgery

If probing does not bring the desired result, the veterinarian makes a puncture of the scar. To do this, cut the hair on the left side, and disinfect the puncture site well. By piercing the side and inserting the tube, the release of gases begins. After they are completely removed, the tube remains in the stomach for several hours, and then is removed. The wound should be thoroughly washed with boiled water and disinfected with alcohol or vodka. It is necessary to treat damage until complete healing.

During the quarantine period, cattle are assigned a special diet. It is recommended to use ruminators that help restore motor function. During the healing of the damaged area, the animal that has been ill with rumen tympanum is separated from the herd, observing its condition and behavior.

Caves

Pathologies caused by disruption of the gastric tract in calves often lead to bloating. As a rule, such problems arise if you do not adhere to simple conditions for keeping young animals. Most often, individuals who are artificially fed fall into the risk group.

Newborn calves kept in unsanitary conditions often suffer from colibacillosis and white diarrhea. In order to avoid such problems, it is necessary to introduce anti-colibacillus serum to a calf that is 2-3 hours old. This will help develop a passiveimmunity.

Caves are most commonly affected in the first week of their lives. Infection can occur while feeding from an untreated udder or drinking water from a dirty container. You can identify the disease by the following signs:

• liquid feces that have a grayish white tint;
• fever;
• bloated belly;
• weakness;
• cloudy look.

If the animal is not treated in time, the animal is doomed to death.

Having found tympanum of the scar in a calf, it is necessary to carefully diagnose the animal. In order to avoid the case of cattle, it is worth doing prevention until the moment of calving. First of all, you need to create good conditions for feeding and keeping pregnant cows. When white diarrhea appears, sick animals are isolated and the machine is disinfected with a special solution. It is worth remembering that during the case of cattle, a forensic veterinary autopsy is performed. If the veterinarian indicates in the protocol “Timpania of the scar”, and also establishes the fact that you have not created the proper conditions for keeping and breeding livestock, you may be subject to an administrative or criminal case.

After the birth of the calves, conduct a thorough examination. Experts strongly recommend that even sick animals be vaccinated with immune serum. The dosage depends on the condition of the calf.

Timpania can also lead to other diseases, such as paratyphoid, dysentery. In such cases, the treatment is no different from that given to animals defecating white diarrhea.

Prophylaxis for cows

Prevention of this disease lies in the strict observance of the rules and regimen of feeding cows. Before transferring cows to grazing, instruct cattlemen, shepherds or shepherds, telling them about the rules of grazing.

Cows should gradually become accustomed to pasture feed. Reduce the daily portions of concentrated feed, silage and hay, and gradually increase the time allotted for grazing.

Starting cattle grazing on pastures rich in herbage of young grass is necessary only after preliminary feeding with concentrates or hay. As a rule, previously ungrazed cows are taken to areas with less rich herbage, and after a few hours they are transferred to a more abundant pasture. It is contraindicated to graze cows on alfalfa, clover, young grass, and after rain or dew.

In order to prevent timpania, it is necessary to feed brewer's grains, grain stillage, as well as easily fermenting succulent food immediately after harvesting, while avoiding storing them in the rain or in heaps. Juicy foods include:

• early winter;
• young grass;
• alfalfa;
• corn greens;
• clover;
• cabbage leaf etc.

Cattle need regular watering (3-4 times a day). It is not recommended to give water after feeding them a large amount of green and succulent fodder or immediately before grazing on succulent pastures. In the stall period, such a disease occurs much less frequently if, together with othersevents will be organized constant cow walks or long walks (from 3 hours a day).