Why and how does an early miscarriage occur? Causes, symptoms, what to do

2024 Author: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 00:21

How much joy a woman experiences when a pregnancy test shows a positive result! But unfortunately, she cannot always endure this joy for all nine months. Sometimes the female body acts very cruelly with the expectant mother and gets rid of the fetus that has just appeared. Why does a miscarriage happen? What can influence such behavior of a female organism? Is it possible to prevent miscarriage in early pregnancy? Let's try to answer all these questions in the article.

What is a miscarriage

Before you know how an early miscarriage happens and why it happens, you need to figure out what it is? A miscarriage is a spontaneous termination of pregnancy. There are early and late miscarriages. Early termination of pregnancy is considered when the fetus has not yet reached the age of twelve weeks. At this timesaving a child can be very difficult. Late is considered a miscarriage for a period of twelve to twenty-two weeks. Early births also happen, but if the doctors take all the necessary measures, then the baby can be saved. In modern practice, there have been cases when doctors managed to save even babies born in the sixth month of pregnancy.

Early miscarriage

Unfortunately, even modern medicine is not able to stop a miscarriage if there are serious reasons for it. In the early stages, the fetus is too tiny for a woman to even understand what is happening to her. Some women do not even know they are pregnant at the time of the miscarriage.

The process begins with normal bleeding, which resembles heavy periods. Perhaps someone will even be glad that after a long delay they did start. Also, this process may be accompanied by increased pulling pains in the lower abdomen. The only thing that is usually alarming is a large clot that comes out with the blood. It is he who causes him to go to the hospital. But not everyone detects it, because the clot can come out during urination. Therefore, in practice, there are cases when a pregnant woman suffers a miscarriage without even knowing it.

Ideally, a girl with such a problem should definitely come for an examination to a gynecologist, because after a premature termination of pregnancy in this way, some particles of the fetus may remain inside the uterus, which can cause inflammation. In such cases, patients need additional cleaning.uterus with special tools.

It's much easier to help a woman who knows she's pregnant. She must constantly listen to her body and notice any changes. Drawing pain in the lower back or lower abdomen is already a reason to consult a doctor. It is impossible to delay a visit to the doctor if such sensations are accompanied by any discharge, especially bloody. If medical assistance is provided on time, then most likely the fetus will be saved.

Spontaneous abortion in the second trimester

And how does a miscarriage occur (see photo in the article) in the second trimester? It has its own characteristics, so you need to know its symptoms in order to seek help in time if a miscarriage occurs at home. What to do in this case, every woman, not only pregnant women, should know:

1. If you find that fluid is dripping from the vagina (it is not always red at this time), then this is a clear sign that the amniotic fluid sac has been damaged. This is a serious reason to immediately seek medical help.
2. Bleeding is an undeniable symptom of miscarriage at any stage of pregnancy.
3. If urination causes discomfort, blood clots are observed, then this is also a signal of the approaching delivery of the fetus.
4. May start bleeding internally. It may not be noticed immediately. However, there may be severe pain in the shoulder area or in the stomach.

Why miscarriage happens

If you talkabout the causes of spontaneous termination of pregnancy and their nature, they can be found a lot. Unfortunately, it is not always possible to determine exactly why a miscarriage occurred. This can be influenced by medical indicators, or social conditions, a woman's lifestyle, and much more. Knowing the cause, perhaps the doctor could have prevented the subsequent termination of the pregnancy. So, we will look at the most serious and common factors that affect the fact that a miscarriage can occur:

1. The body can get rid of the fetus if it is influenced by genetic pathologies or any abnormalities of the fetus. A malfunction in the body can be laid at the genetic level or even be inherited, or it can happen due to poor ecology, this is affected by the high radiation level in the place where the pregnant woman lives, and various viruses that are not dangerous for an ordinary person, but they pose a threat to the pregnant woman and her fetus. Influencing these causes, preventing a miscarriage in this case is simply impossible. However, if the couple plans pregnancy in advance, undergoes all the necessary consultations with geneticists and gynecologists, such a risk can be avoided.
2. Some women, unfortunately, are not given by nature to endure a baby. This is influenced by problems with the hormonal and immune systems. Therefore, if your pregnancy is desired, then it is better to go through all the examinations in advance to find out if everything is in order with the hormones, if there is any pathology in the field of endocrinology.
3. Rhesus conflict. Quite a serious problemmany couples collide. A woman with a negative Rh factor can become pregnant from a man with a positive Rh, and if the baby takes the father's blood, the body will in every possible way reject it as a foreign object. Learned how to deal with this problem. It is desirable to carry out immunomodulatory therapy before the conception of a child. But if this was not done, then observations and all necessary procedures will be carried out directly in the process of gestation.
4. A serious enemy for the fetus is an infection, and any. Infectious diseases that are sexually transmitted are especially dangerous. They can infect the fetus, and it is impossible to avoid a miscarriage in early pregnancy.
5. Also, various diseases of internal organs are dangerous for early pregnancy. These can be chronic diseases or temporary. It is impossible to predict what the final pregnancy will be like if a woman is sick with asthma, pneumonia, tonsillitis, rubella and other similar diseases.
6. When you are planning a pregnancy, be sure to tell your doctor about your previous miscarriages or abortions. Since artificial or spontaneous abortion always ends with severe stress. In the future, this may lead to infertility or inability to bear a child.

Can a miscarriage occur for other reasons? Yes maybe. And it is quite difficult to predict them, because each organism has its own individual characteristics. That is why every pregnant woman needs regular consultations with a specialist.

Miscarriage symptoms

It cannot be said that an early miscarriage has any symptoms by which you can determine its approach in advance and consult a doctor. Basically, everything happens spontaneously, quickly, and it is rather difficult to influence the outcome.

So how does an early miscarriage happen? Its symptoms begin with the fact that the woman is tormented by pulling pains in the lower abdomen and lower back. If you pay attention to underwear, traces of bloody or brown discharge are quite possible on it. In general, if you notice blood from the genitals in the early stages, then this is a serious cause for concern. Since at this time it can mean only one thing - the beginning of tissue detachment. There is no way to postpone going to the doctor with such a symptom.

The best prevention of such problems is only cooperation with a doctor who, based on all the necessary tests and examinations, will be able to prescribe the correct and effective treatment. Only together can you save your baby's life and your own he alth.

Stages of early miscarriage

The initial stage was almost completely described in the previous paragraph. Since there is hypertonicity of the uterus, when the stomach becomes very hard, spotting appears, as well as pain in the back and abdomen. If at the consultation the doctor advised to go to the hospital for preservation, then you should not argue with him. Unless, of course, you want to save the life of your unborn child.

At the second stage, helping mom is already more difficult, but still possible. The fact is that during this period the fetal egg is alreadybegins to exfoliate from the inner wall of the uterus. This is a sign that the abortion process has started. If the woman is taken to the hospital in time, the doctors will still be able to provide her with the necessary assistance.

At the third stage, it is no longer possible to save the fetus. It completely exfoliates from the walls of the uterus and begins to leave the body of a woman. All this is accompanied by severe pain and bleeding. Now it is impossible to confuse spontaneous abortion with anything. The woman must be taken to the hospital immediately as there are still risks to her he alth. The doctor must make sure that no particles of the fetus remain inside the uterus, which can cause sepsis. In such cases, additional cleaning is carried out.

After a spontaneous abortion, the uterus quickly returns to its usual state, the menstrual cycle is gradually adjusted.

Is it a miscarriage?

Some women do not know how to understand that a miscarriage has occurred, while others, on the contrary, are well aware of what happened to them, but after observing their condition a little and finding that there are no more reasons to panic, they do not consider need to see a doctor. However, these issues cannot be ignored. Since, under the guise of spontaneous abortion, other, no less serious processes in the girl's body can occur. Among them:

1. An ectopic pregnancy that was not detected.
2. Malignant neoplasms on the cervix.
3. Twisting ovarian cyst (also not ruled out).
4. Cervical injury,which could appear for various reasons, even during intercourse.

Be sure that the miscarriage passed without consequences and to exclude the presence of all of the above problems can only be examined by a gynecologist.

Actions for spontaneous abortion

Unfortunately, doctors cannot completely prevent a miscarriage, and even more so its threat, but you can try to provide the necessary assistance so that the pregnancy passes the twelve-week threshold.

To stop bleeding in the early stages of spontaneous abortion, a drug such as Tranexam is prescribed. In such situations, it is most effective. Further, for the further preservation of pregnancy, doctors usually prescribe Utrozhestan. It is absolutely safe for both the fetus and the expectant mother. Quite often, it is prescribed at the stage of conception planning.

Many women make serious mistakes that cost them the life of their child:

1. Pregnant women go to bed and do not leave the apartment, believing that bed rest will save them. No, it will not help, if a spontaneous abortion has already begun, then there is no way to stop it by restricting movements.
2. Any painkillers that we take during our period or other times when we feel severe pain will not help. Since they can only relieve spasm, but not stop this type of bleeding.

It is necessary to see a doctor. Even if a woman feels normal after an abortion, the presence ofvarious pathologies. A few weeks after the miscarriage, the gynecologist must prescribe the patient for hCG analysis. With the help of such a study, you can determine the level of hormones in the blood. If after pregnancy he did not bounce back, then this is a serious cause for concern. There is a risk that a cystic drift has occurred. This is a rather serious diagnosis, the treatment of which cannot be delayed.

Doctors have long defined tactics for themselves regarding what to do if a miscarriage occurs and the woman continues to bleed, and the fetal egg is still in the uterus. There are several options for solving this problem:

1. If the discharge is not strong, then you can wait seven days and observe the changes. It is possible that the body simply pushes out some unnecessary parts. During this time, the woman cannot be at home. Only permanent hospital stay is envisaged.
2. Possibly drug treatment. In this case, a special drug is prescribed, which frees the uterus from all particles of the fetal egg remaining there.
3. Surgical intervention. This is the so-called additional cleaning. It is prescribed only as a last resort, when the bleeding does not decrease, but, on the contrary, becomes more abundant.

How to prevent disaster

It is better to deal with the prevention of spontaneous abortion even before conception. Since during this period it is possible to study in detail the genetic characteristics of future parents, to revise the cellular structure. Ensure completethe absence of pathologies. If problems are found, then getting rid of them is much easier without fruit. In addition, most parents begin to lead a he althy lifestyle, give up alcohol and cigarettes, completely change their daily routine and menu.

As for the period when conception has already occurred, much depends on how timely the pathology was detected, whether the woman turned to a specialist in a timely manner, whether the gynecologist could work quickly.

Life after

Attention should be paid to the period after a miscarriage. What happens to a woman and her body? It is not easy for a girl who has suffered this, but life does not end there, and she should have an additional incentive to take care of her own he alth. She has a rehab ahead of her. If during pregnancy it was not possible to find out the cause, then right now you can do the diagnosis. Because now the doctors will have the time and opportunity to get rid of the existing pathology. If this is not done, then the percentage of repeated spontaneous abortion is too high.

The first thing a doctor should prescribe is an ultrasound. There it will be possible to consider the condition of the uterus, the presence of remnants of the fetal egg in it. Cleaning will be scheduled if needed. If there are no reasons for this, then the woman undergoes an antibacterial course of treatment in order to exclude the development of various infections. They also prescribe hormones that help the body return to its normal state. Since hormonal imbalance has its own, not verygood, consequences.

The task of relatives is to constantly be near the failed mother. Since spontaneous abortion is the strongest stress. A woman may not show it, but she will be very worried about this. Some even need psychological help because they can't handle the problem on their own.

Usually, early miscarriages go away without serious consequences. But the task for a woman is to constantly monitor her own body. Any changes, even the smallest ones, should be reported to the gynecologist. Because the most inconspicuous things can be a serious he alth hazard.