Pregnancy by trimesters and weeks: features of development, nutrition, weight, condition of the woman

2024 Author: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 00:21

Pregnancy is a joyful and exciting period in a woman's life. All nine months give her an unforgettable range of sensations. Therefore, everyone wants to know absolutely all stages of the development of the baby. Consider pregnancy by trimesters and weeks. The entire gestation process consists of three trimesters. Information about each of them is entered into the exchange card of the expectant mother. For a more detailed study of fetal development, each week of pregnancy is taken into account.

The birth of a new life

When conception occurs, the DNA of the egg and sperm fuse. Then a new organism is formed containing genetic information from a woman and a man in equal parts. The future embryo already at the time of fertilization inherits a certain appearance, character, as well as the nuances and characteristics of physical and psychological development. Sexual activity depends on the sperm chromosomechild's belonging. If a spermatozoon with a Y chromosome participates in fertilization, a boy will appear, and if X, a girl.

First trimester of pregnancy

Every woman should track her pregnancy by trimester and week. The first trimester is especially important. This period consists of 12 weeks or 3 months. It is in the first trimester that a new life is formed. Obstetrician-gynecologists put the gestational age from the first day of the last menstruation. During the first month of pregnancy, many women are unaware of their own interesting situation, and this period is quite simple for them psychologically.

Nutrition for the expectant mother

In the second month, a woman usually learns about the birth of a new life. From the sixth week of pregnancy, it is necessary to register at the antenatal clinic for pregnancy management. All doctors advise women at this stage to pay attention to their he alth.

Throughout your pregnancy, you need to eat a balanced diet, take folic acid, and, if necessary, multivitamin complexes, and not be nervous. The first symptoms of toxicosis may appear, which often lasts in women until the fourth month. These include morning sickness, as well as sudden changes in mood. This condition is explained by hormonal changes in the body.

The condition of a woman in the first trimester

Studying information aboutpregnancy by trimesters and weeks, we can conclude that it is the first trimester that brings the most discomfort. This period is quite difficult for a pregnant woman. May be disturbed by severe toxicosis, manifested in bouts of nausea. Habitual foods can cause rejection in the stomach and become nasty in smell. Nausea can be alleviated with acidic juices, citrus fruits, and mint toothpaste. A woman can lose weight due to lack of nutrition. This condition, although due to physiological reasons, should still be under the close attention of a doctor. Despite poor he alth, a woman needs to attend scheduled check-ups with a doctor in a timely manner throughout her pregnancy. By trimesters and weeks, these examinations are scheduled already at the first visit to the antenatal clinic.

In the first trimester, you need to protect yourself from lifting weights, wear loose clothing that does not squeeze the pelvic organs, and also avoid being in smoky rooms. In connection with hormonal changes, taste preferences may change. Despite the desire to eat something harmful, you should try not to eat chocolates, chips and other foods that do not carry benefits. It is better to replace them with natural sweets: honey, fruits, freshly squeezed juices. As for the weight of a woman, in the last week of the first trimester of pregnancy, it can increase or decrease (it all depends on the toxicosis suffered) by only 0.5 - 1.5 kg.

Child development at the firsttrimester

After fertilization of the egg, the embryo becomes single-celled. After just a couple of days, the number of cells increases to two. Then the cells begin to grow and increase at a tremendous rate. Within a week, a small embryo becomes like a ball filled with liquid.

Before the placenta is formed, it will feed on substances that will flow to the uterus. If the process is started successfully, the fetus will begin to grow and develop. In the presence of serious diseases in a woman or pathology in an embryo, nature will start the process of rejection in the first days of fertilization. In this case, menstruation will begin.

First month of development

Many vital organs are formed in the fetus in the 1st trimester of pregnancy. How many weeks it is, not every woman knows, because some do not even know about the presence of pregnancy at this time. The first trimester consists of 12 weeks. Already from the third week, you can determine the onset of pregnancy by increasing the level of the hCG hormone. Until the second trimester, it will grow, which will indicate the normal development of the fetus.

Only by the end of the first month of pregnancy, the embryo turns into a full-fledged embryo. From the ectoderm (the outer part of the embryo), tissues begin to form, which will later develop into organs and life support systems. Then the rudiments of the skeleton, muscles, skin appear. From the mesoderm (the middle part of the embryo), the heart, circulatory system, kidneys, and genital organs are subsequently formed. The endoderm is responsible for the development of the digestive system and gastrointestinalpath.

In the first month of pregnancy, such important organs as the chorion and amnion appear. The chorion is responsible for the growth and development of the placenta, and the amnion creates the fetal membranes that are needed for the growth of the baby in the uterus. In four weeks, the embryo grows to only 0.5 - 1 mm.

Dangers of the first month

The main danger of this period is an ectopic pregnancy. This pathology occurs when fertilization occurs prematurely and the embryo attaches outside the uterus. An ectopic pregnancy is terminated for medical reasons. Therefore, the sooner a woman sees a doctor and does an ultrasound, the easier it will be for the body to endure the cleaning. You can make sure that the ovum is properly attached after 3 weeks from the date of the intended conception.

Second month of baby development

When the pregnancy reaches 5-6 weeks, you need to come to the hospital to register for pregnancy management. This important event cannot be neglected - the child and the expectant mother need timely medical care, thanks to which it will be possible to observe the development of the embryo.

At the 5th week, the rudiments of the hands are already formed in the fetus, which resemble small oars. By week 6, the embryo has a noticeable outline of the face, nose, eyes, mouth, legs and arms. The fingers on the hands at this time are still too weakly developed, but the child's hands can already clench and bend at the elbows. The same thing happens with the lower limbs - the legs easily bend at the knees.

From the 5th week, a mucous plug is formed that fillscervical canal. She will protect the fetus from various infections that a woman can get during pregnancy. The mucus plug comes out in the last week of the third trimester of pregnancy or in the birth process itself. Much depends on the condition of the woman. Most often, it departs a few days before delivery.

At the 7th week, the baby's heart becomes four-chambered. The formation of large blood vessels, the tip of the nose, as well as the brain begins. Fingers appear on the hands and feet, and the child himself can begin to move, making light jerks with his limbs. By week 8, the full development of the reproductive system begins. Finally, it will be formed only by the 9th week, but it will not be visible on ultrasound. You can determine the sex of the child only after 12 weeks of pregnancy.

In the second month of pregnancy, the umbilical cord is formed, which will connect the woman with the child for all 9 months. It is she who is responsible for providing the baby with oxygen and all the necessary useful elements. The umbilical cord also removes all the products of its metabolism.

3 month baby development

In addition to the formation of vital organs, in the third month the embryo is already in the fetal bladder. Inside, it contains an anatomical fluid that is in many ways similar to amniotic fluid. The embryo floats freely in the bladder, being attached to the placenta by the umbilical cord. He can push, but the woman does not yet feel these important pushes. They can be felt only from the second trimester of pregnancy. From what week strong tremors will begin, it is difficult to say, since allbabies develop and grow at different rates.

At this stage of pregnancy, the embryo only remotely resembles a little man. He has a big head and eyes, long arms, short legs. There are already fingers on the limbs, ears, nose, lips are visible on ultrasound, all milk teeth are laid. By the end of the third month, his height reaches 10 cm, and his weight is only 15 g.

The condition of a woman in the second trimester

This period lasts from the 13th to the 26th week. The second trimester of pregnancy is easy and safe for many. The woman feels comfortable, and toxicosis practically does not bother her. Mild nausea may occur only in the morning. Many note that in the second trimester there comes a feeling of peace, anxiety and tension disappear. It becomes easy for the expectant mother, and all the troubles of the first trimester remain in the past. The belly begins to grow, and it is already possible to accurately determine the sex of the child.

Baby development in the second trimester

From the 13th to the 26th week of growth in the womb, the baby grows from about 10 to 30 cm. Never in life does a person grow as fast as in the second trimester of pregnancy. The baby will weigh from 800 g to 1.5 kg by the 3rd trimester of pregnancy. From which week the most intensive growth will begin depends largely on the state of the mother's he alth.

The baby's skin becomes red and wrinkled, and its surface is torn with a cheese-like lubricant that protects against amniotic fluid. During this period, the child begins to actively move, open and close his eyes. Also in the secondtrimester there is an accumulation of the necessary subcutaneous fat. The body of the baby is covered with fluff, the cartilage in the ears is still very thin, and the nails on the fingers have not yet grown. In boys, at this stage, the testicles have not yet descended into the scrotum. However, in case of premature birth at 6 months, doctors will be able to save the baby and leave him.

The condition of a woman in the third trimester

This final stage of pregnancy lasts from the 27th to the 40th week. The 3rd trimester of pregnancy involves an active set of kilograms. The norm is an increase in weight by 300-350 g for each new week. The belly begins to grow also quickly. From this there are problems with night sleep, it becomes inconvenient to move around. A woman may feel clumsy and slow in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy. Week after week her weight increases. For the entire pregnancy, you can gain from 8 to 14 kg. Most of them appear in the third trimester. Do not worry about this, because the third trimester will pass as quickly as it happened with the first and second. The expectant mother will begin to languish in anticipation of the upcoming meeting with the baby.

Third trimester baby development

Knowing from what week the third trimester of pregnancy begins to have a particularly strong effect on the well-being of a woman, it is possible to ease the last days of bearing a baby. From the 25th week, it is recommended to start preparing for the meeting of a new family member. At a later date, the expectant mother may not have the strength for pleasant chores at all. On thethe last months of pregnancy, the baby is gaining significant weight and increasing in size.

His womb is getting tight, so he clenches his arms and legs. The formation of all major organs and reflexes also ends. The baby is already dreaming, and his nervous system is actively completing its development. By the ninth month of pregnancy, the fetus turns head down, preparing for the birth. In the last weeks of being in the mother's belly, the baby usually weighs between 2.6 and 4 kg.

Pregnancy is a wonderful time for every woman. Staying in this position, you must constantly be observed by a doctor, remain calm, protect yourself from various infections, stress, as well as eat right and walk more in the fresh air. By following these recommendations, you can not worry about your own condition and the development of the baby.