October 8: Day of the commander of a surface, underwater and air ship, Tsvetaeva's birthday, Sergius of Radonezh's memorial day

2024 Author: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 00:21

Almost every date of the calendar has some kind of holiday: folk, church, state or professional. Perhaps he became special because of the date of birth of the person who later became famous. October 8 is no exception. It accounts for several significant dates at once. Let's talk about some of them.

Commander's Day

In Russia, October 8 is the Day of the commander of a surface, underwater and air ship. It was first celebrated in 2007 (decree of 08.10.2007). It is the commander who is the head of all personnel, he is responsible for each member of the crew, is responsible for the fulfillment of the tasks assigned to him.

October 8 was chosen as the date of the celebration not by chance. The holiday is dedicated to heroism. More than a hundred years ago, in the same month and day, in the Navarino naval battle, the battleship Azov, under the command ofcaptain of the 1st rank - M. Lazarev.

Battle of Navarino

The events took place during the Greek national liberation war for independence, which lasted from 1821 to 1829. The largest naval battle took place in 1827, on October 8, it happened in the Navarino Bay. On the one hand, the squadrons of Russia and two more countries - England and France - united. On the other hand, the Turkish-Egyptian fleet. Russia (together with two other countries) defeated the Ottoman fleet. For military merit, the Azov ship was awarded the St. George flag and a pennant.

During the battle, P. S. Nakhimov, V. A. Kornilov, who later became famous Russian naval commanders, heroes of the Sevastopol defense and Sinop of 1854-1855, showed their best side. The initiators of the establishment of the Day of the commander of a surface, underwater and air ship were veteran organizations. On October 8, awards and orders, prizes and valuable gifts, titles are awarded.

Day of Lawyer of Ukraine

It is impossible to imagine a modern legal state without lawyers. Without a doubt, every person at least once in his life resorted to the help of a legal entity.

According to history, the science of jurisprudence appeared long before our era. In the mythology of any nation, there were gods of justice, retribution, truth, justice and revenge (Themis, Nemesis, Maat, Erinyes). In Russia, legal activity was formed in the middle of the 18th century with the participation of Peter I. The training of this profession beganstudents at the Academy of Sciences. On the territory of the Soviet Union, the holiday was unofficially celebrated on December 3. After the USSR split into independent republics, each former socialist country chose its own date.

In Ukraine, this holiday has been celebrated annually on the 8th day of October since 1997. He was approved by the President of Ukraine in September. 2017 marked the 21st anniversary of this event.

Congratulations are accepted by employees of legal and personnel departments at enterprises, notaries and law firms. Lawyer's Day of Ukraine is also celebrated by graduates of law faculties. Since 2001, this country has been celebrating the best workers with the state award "Honored Lawyer of Ukraine".

Namibia Arbor Day

In order to improve the ecological situation on the continent, most African countries are actively planting tree seedlings. In Namibia, the conservation of natural resources and environmental protection is decided at the state level. This country has a very hot climate, 300 days a year are sunny. The two rainy seasons are short: the first lasts from September to November, the second - from February to April. It is believed that planting in October is the most favorable for rooting seedlings. This holiday is held every second Friday of October, annually.

The first Arbor Day was held in 1991. But then he did not become popular. The number of trees planted on this day only increased by the year 2000. Remarkably,that annually a national tree is chosen and seedlings are planted throughout the country. Schoolchildren also take an active part in the tree planting festival.

Cuba: Heroic Guerrilla Day

Who has not heard this name - Ernesto Che Guevara, Latin American revolutionary, Cuban statesman and commander of the Cuban revolution? This national holiday is directly connected with the name of this hero. The Day of the heroic partisan is celebrated on October 8.

Since 1966, Che Guevara in Bolivia took part in the guerrilla struggle. In 1967, on October 8, his last fight took place in the mountains of Bolivia. Che Guevara's detachment, consisting of seventeen people, surrounded the "rangers" - specialists from the CIA specially trained to fight the insurgents. Che called the fight on himself, thanks to which 11 people from the detachment were able to leave. The next morning, the revolutionary leader was executed.

On October 15, Fidel Castro addressed the people in which he announced the death of Che Guevara, recognizing his loss as a heavy blow. The country was declared mourning, which lasted for a month. And October 8 - the day when Che Guevara was captured - Fidel Castro decided to consider the Day of the heroic partisan, thus paying tribute to this man. It is known that the Cuban secret services identified and killed the killers of the legendary Comandante Che.

Reverend's Day

Sergius of Radonezh: October 8 is the day of his memory. Bartholomew (in the world) was born in early May 1314 in the family of a boyar. Father's name was Cyril, andmother - Maria. Together with his brothers, Bartholomew learned to read and write, but it was difficult for him. One day, when he was thirteen years old, he met an “old man of the Black Sea” and asked him to pray that he would be able to overcome the letter. Soon the boy was reading surprisingly well.

After the death of his parents, he and his brother Stefan founded deserts near the river Konchura. Soon monks began to come to him and a monastery appeared. In 1330, a church was built in this place in the name of the Holy Trinity. The temple began to be visited by peasants and princes, they made donations, and soon it turned into a rich monastery. It is known that even during his lifetime, Sergius of Radonezh had the gift of miracles. The sick were brought to him, whom he healed. Saint Sergius was revered on a par with the saints.

Having lived to a ripe old age, he, foreseeing his death (in six months), blessed the Monk Nikon to be abbess. The monk died in 1392 on September 25, but according to the new style, October 8 is considered the date of his death. After 30 years, the relics of Sergius were found. Currently, they are located in the Trinity Cathedral of the Holy Trinity Sergius Lavra. In 1919, the relics were opened by the Bolsheviks and transferred to the museum. In 1946 they were returned to the church.

Marina Tsvetaeva

There are very few people who would not have heard of the famous poetess Marina Ivanovna Tsvetaeva. Tsvetaeva's birthday is October 8, 1892. Father - Ivan Vladimirovich, professor at Moscow University, philologist. He founded the Museum of Fine Arts, whichbears the name of Pushkin. Mom - Maria Alexandrovna Main - was a famous pianist. She comes from a family of Russified German-Poles. Mom was ill with consumption, therefore, according to the prescription of doctors, the family lived abroad for a long time, in a milder climate. In the summer of 1906, she died in her own home in Tarusa.

Marina's first book of poems, en titled "Evening Album", was published in 1910. Her work was noted by such famous poets as V. Bryusov, N. Gumilyov, M. Voloshin. In 1911, Tsvetaeva met Sergei Efron. In 1912 they get married, in the same year the couple has a daughter. A new book is out - "Magic Lantern". In 1913, Tsvetaeva's father dies and the third collection "From Two Books" is published.

In the spring of 1917, a second daughter appears in the family, who 3 years later, during the civil war, will die of exhaustion. In July 21 of the last century, Marina receives a letter from her husband from Prague. A year later, the poetess and her daughter leave for Berlin, where she will live for 2.5 months. In Germany, she meets her husband and leaves for the Czech Republic. The family lived there for three years. The couple will have a son George during this period. In the Czech Republic, the poetess will finish the collection of poems "Well Done", and will also work on the poems "The Poem of the Mountain", "The Pied Piper". In 1925 she moved to Paris with her children. The husband finishes his studies in Prague. The family will live in France for 13.5 years. Tsvetaeva is already a famous poet, in the clubs of Paris they arrange her evenings. In 1928, her last lifetime collection, “After Russia,” was published.

Last years of lifepoets

Being abroad, Tsvetaeva often thought about returning to her homeland. In March 1937, her daughter returned to the Soviet Union, and in October her husband returned. At the beginning of the summer of 1939, Marina and her son also returned to their homeland. On August 27, Tsvetaeva's daughter is arrested, and on October 10, her husband. In 1941, Sergei Efron was shot. Her daughter will be imprisoned until 1955, later she will be rehabilitated. In 1941, on the last day of August, the poetess Marina Tsvetaeva will hang herself, and three years later her son Georgy will die in the war.