Types of dachshunds with photos and names

2024 Author: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 00:21

Germany is considered the birthplace of dachshunds, where their main purpose has always been hunting for badgers and rabbits. This is the oldest of the burrowing dog breeds, the date of origin of which is still a matter of controversy. Now they are assigned the role of mainly indoor and decorative pets, which are especially "relevant" in small city apartments.

In the article you will find information about what types of dachshunds currently exist (with photos and names), what kind of character they have, learn about the generally recognized breed standard and the features of caring for these funny and interesting dogs.

From the history of the breed

It is difficult to name the exact decade or even century in which the breed originated. According to some reports, the ancestors of dachshunds were used for hunting in ancient Egypt, as evidenced by the images of short-legged dogs carved on stone.

The formation of the modern breed standard began in the 16th century in southern Germany. The origin of dachshunds originates from such ancientGerman hunting dogs like the Bieberhund. The first written references to them are found in sources dating back to 1700. They contain information about the so-called "badger or burrowing" dogs. In the middle of the 17th century. such types of dachshunds as bow-legged dogs for underground (burrow) hunting and walking low coarse-haired hounds are mentioned.

At the end of the 18th century. the breed acquires features close to the modern standard. The number of dogs is increasing significantly, and they are beginning to be exported to other countries. A whole network of nurseries opens in their homeland. However, dog owners continue to breed them, adhering to purely personal preferences. Only gradually are the so-called working and decorative types of dachshunds determined. Accordingly, there is a need to establish a national and international breed standard. It was adopted in 1870. In 1888, the Dachshund Club was founded in Germany.

Federation Cynologique Internationale (FCI) breed standard is now generally accepted.

The appearance of dachshunds in Russia

Despite the fact that dachshunds have become known in Russia since the thirties of the 18th century, they have not received much distribution. A circle of lovers of these dogs was organized by the Russian Society of Fox Terriers and Dachshunds in 1900, which kept pedigree books and organized specialized exhibitions.

In Russia, the dachshund (types of the breed, photos can be seen in the article) was considered more like a decorative dog, and not a hunting dog. They quickly spread as pets in the environment.creative intelligence. Actress Yermolova M. N. had an unusual white dachshund. The Russian classic A. P. Chekhov had two dogs of this breed at once, and in one of his letters to his publisher he spoke of them as “creatures with an ugly appearance (crooked paws, a long body), but at the same time with an unusually sharp mind.”

The popularity of the breed has suffered greatly for political reasons. After the world wars, the number of dachshunds, both throughout Europe and, in particular, in Russia, has noticeably decreased. So, in our country at the exhibition in 1958 only eleven dogs were presented. At the moment, all types of dachshunds, the photos of which you can find in the text of the article, are one of the most numerous and popular breeds in Russia, mainly as pets. They are full of mischief and merry slyness, they are excellent watchmen with an unexpectedly powerful and loud voice, which makes them favorites of the whole family without exception.

Description of the dog

Dachshunds, whose appearance is very unusual, are far from the standards of beauty in their classical sense. However, there is something attractive and unusual about them.

These are heavy-boned dogs that stand firmly on the ground. Dachshunds have an elongated muzzle, long ears, gently rounded at the end. The back is strong and muscular, the chest is voluminous with a characteristic "keel", deep. The tail is set low, strong and thick at the base, as a rule, the dog holds it slightly below the line of the back and only in an excited state lifts it up like an antenna. The limbs are thick andshort, have relief muscles. Dogs of this breed move freely and sweepingly around the area.

Depending on the size, the following types of taxes are distinguished:

• Standard (the most common) - weighing up to 9 kg.
• Miniature, or dwarf - weighing from 4 to 5.5 kg, chest girth is 30-35 cm.
• Rabbit - adult weight up to 3.5 kg, chest girth up to 30 cm.

You can find various information about what types of dachshunds are. However, according to the standard of the International Cynological Federation, adopted including in Russia, there are only three of them. Dachshunds (namely, as they are usually called) are divided depending on the characteristics of the coat into smooth-haired, long-haired and wire-haired, you can see them together in the photo above. This classification will be discussed in more detail below.

General appearance and ratio of body parts according to the standard

According to the standard, the Dachshund is characterized as a squat, short-legged dog with an elongated, but at the same time compact body structure. They are very muscular, the landing of the head is bold and defiant. There is a well-defined sexual dimorphism. Despite this body structure, all types of dachshunds (check out the photos in our material) are very mobile and plastic.

The breed standard suggests several important characteristics regarding the ratio of body parts. Thus, the lowest point of the chest should be located at a distance of 1/3 of the height of the withers above ground level. In addition, the oblique length of the body should be in harmony with the height.withers about 1, 7-1, 8 to 1.

Smooth-haired dachshund: general appearance and color

The smooth-haired dachshund is a short dog with an elongated but strong physique, on short legs, with strong and dense muscles. According to the standard, any coat color is allowed, with the exception of white, only a small light spot on the chest is possible. The nails and nose are black. Some concessions are allowed, but still they are undesirable. Red dachshunds may have red earlobes, while chocolate dachshunds may have brown or flesh-colored earlobes. In merles, the spots should be evenly distributed over the body and not be too large.

The weight of representatives of this species should be no more than 11.3 kg for males and no more than 10.4 kg for females.

The smooth-haired dachshund is first and foremost a hunting dog that adapts perfectly to any weather conditions. Her coat is dense and smooth, impervious to moisture and dirt.

Excerpts from the standard: head, tail, paws

The head of smooth-haired dachshunds has an elongated wedge shape and tapers evenly towards the tip of the nose. Forehead with a barely noticeable transition, flat.

The dog has a rather high tail, tapering towards the end, strong but not too long, fairly straight and not too high.

The forelegs are short, wide and straight, only slightly deployed, the hindquarters are narrower and smaller. The toes are balled up.

Long-haired Dachshund: commonappearance and color

The physique, size and character of this species are the same as those of the smooth-haired dachshund. Types of colors and requirements for them are similar. The coat is long and silky.

The dog is dense, on short legs, has strong muscles. The height at the withers should correspond to half the length of the body, and the girth of the chest should be twice the height. The tail does not touch the ground when at rest, and the ears do not extend beyond the tip of the nose when pulled forward. The weight of an adult male is no more than 8.2 kg, females - 7.7 kg.

The color of the long-haired dachshund can be black and tan, brown, light and dark red, motley (blotched) or brindle.

Standard characteristics of the head, tail and paws

Long-haired dachshunds have a dry, long wedge-shaped head, which is especially noticeable when viewed from above and from the side. The forehead is harmonious, neither too wide nor too narrow, rather flat, without a sharp transition to the muzzle. The muzzle has strict lines, narrow, elongated.

The back line is smoothly continued by the tail of moderate length and tapering to the tip, it is covered with thick hair, not curved or too high.

The feet are large and wide, set parallel or slightly turned to the sides. The hind limbs are slightly smaller than the front ones. The fingers are distinctly arched and tightly closed, strong. A calmly standing dog rests on the entire surface area of the paws. The coat is thick and silky and can withstand heat, rain and cold.

Wire-haired dachshund: general appearance and color

Allthe designated types of dachshunds have a similar appearance. But it is simply impossible to confuse them with dogs of other breeds. The wire-haired dachshund differs from the smooth-haired and long-haired dachshunds in the body, as if creeping along the ground, long and dense, with good muscles. The color can be absolutely any, a white spot on the chest is allowed (but undesirable). The nose is black, with the exception of "chocolate" dogs, in which it is colored brown or flesh.

The coat of the rough-haired dachshund is tight all over the body, except for the eyebrows, ears, and muzzle. It is thick, wiry, with an undercoat. A characteristic feature of this species is a clearly visible "beard" on the muzzle. Eyebrows clearly defined, bushy. The weight of an adult male should be within 9-10 kg, and females - 8, 2-9 kg.

Standard requirements: head, tail and paws

The head of wire-haired dachshunds in profile and on top is wedge-shaped, dry, with strict lines. The forehead is not too narrow, but not wide either, gradually turning into an elongated and slightly hook-nosed muzzle. Superciliary arches are well developed. The jaws of the dog are exceptionally powerful, very well developed, long and wide-opening. According to the standard, the muzzle should not have a square shape.

The line of the back is continued by a slightly curved tail. When at rest, it should not touch the ground or rise too high.

The forelegs are wide, dense and straight, or slightly turned to the sides. The paw is formed by four fingers, they are compact, arched and rest on dense pads. The hind limbs are slightly narrower than the front ones,placed in parallel.

What kind of character do dachshunds have?

Formerly exclusively hunting, and now predominantly decorative dogs - this is how the dachshund can be characterized. Breed types are very common both in Russia and abroad. Dachshunds are loved thanks to a generous set of virtues. They are brave, attached to the owner, loyal, have a sense of humor, excellent watchmen, they are easy to care for and keep clean. Dachshund will be a wonderful companion and companion for adults and children. They are ready to fight even with an unequal opponent, protecting their master. Dogs have a sonorous and loud voice, as well as high intelligence, but they are quite difficult to train. Dachshunds are wary of strangers and can be aggressive towards them.

Caring for the dog

Dachshunds are quite he althy. The main risk is related to the structural features of their body. The animal has a long back and at the same time short legs - this threatens to displace the intervertebral discs. Therefore, it is important to monitor the weight of the dog (it should not exceed the standard) and its activity. In particular, do not encourage her to jump high or up and down from the couch. Strictly observe the diet and dosage of feed. Almost ¾ of the diet should consist of meat, which all hunting dogs love so much.

The types of dachshunds listed above are owners of wool with different characteristics. However, they all need periodic maintenance. Fortunately for this special efforts are notrequired. It is enough to wipe smooth-haired dachshunds daily for several minutes with a coarse mitten and then with a soft cloth. Long-haired and short-haired dogs are brushed with a special stiff brush and comb.

Physical activity

All types of dachshunds, with photos and names of which you have already met above, need physical activity. Daily walks are an excellent prevention of weight gain, which happens quite often with dogs of this breed kept as pets (not for hunting). Experts recommend walking with dachshunds for a short time, but often, giving them plenty of running around. It is worth warning those who have their own suburban area or house. Dachshunds, by virtue of their hunting nature, are great lovers of digging the ground.