2024 Author: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 00:21
Breeds of agricultural and domestic animals bred by people many centuries ago determine their demand for keeping and breeding primarily due to their inherent characteristic features. Many are familiar with the word used in connection with the concept of "breed" - exterior. What is this word and how does it relate to the ability to preserve the characteristics of animals of the same breed over the centuries?
The concept of the constitution of animals
About 2 thousand years ago, people first began to pay attention to the constitution of animals. It covers a wide range of characteristics of the body, ranging from its physique, character, and ending with the reaction to the external environment and heredity.
It is from observing the external characteristics of the animal's body that the study of its constitution begins. The external forms of a creature, closely related to its strength and value for the economy, are the basis of the concept"exterior". What it is? Read more about this.
This is a strange word - exterior
The exterior of animals is like a calling card, in which you can find indications of how strong a given breed is biologically, what is its adaptability to a certain environment of existence and to the reproduction of full-fledged offspring. Separate parts of the animal's body, which are taken into account in a harmonious relationship with each other, objectively indicate an irrefutable connection between the productivity of a certain breed and its exterior.
The evolution of animals has led to the fact that all parts of their body are inextricably linked, which has a direct impact on the productivity of the breed. The best individuals were selected, and the exterior became the main tool for this selection. What did it give? An abundance of breeds that fully meet the requirements set before them by man.
Exterior assessment method
Methods for assessing the appearance of an animal have been developed for a very long time and have been improved over time. There are only three of them. The first - visual - is based on an excellent knowledge of the parts of the animal's body and their proportional relationships. The second is probing. This method makes it possible to assess the strength of individual sites, their development, compliance with the required standards. And the third is the measurement of the body of the animal, which consists in measuring both the body as a whole and its individual parts.
About the exterior of dogs
The exterior of the dog consists of two sections - the generaland private. The first contains information about the appearance of the dog, its physique, structure and harmonious development of individual parts. He also notes all the characteristic deviations and vices. A private exterior - what is it? Characteristic features of specific breeds, inherent in them, or features atypical for them, which are determined by firmly established norms.
Typically, the visual method used in dog breeding is used in conjunction with simple biometric measurements. The exterior is assessed at various exhibitions, broods and shows. At these events, the best individuals are selected for further breeding and improvement of the breed, in accordance with the requirements of standards, regulations and tolerances.
Dogs that are used for the same purposes have many similarities in appearance, but they also have differences in the structure of individual parts of the body. The exterior of females and males has its own characteristics - the graceful muscles of the former are clearly different from the more developed muscle mass of the latter.
The developmental stages of dogs also affect appearance due to age-related changes. Therefore, the assessment of the exterior at the events mentioned above is always carried out taking into account gender differences and age groups of participants.
A little about the exterior of the horse
Such an animal as a horse, used by man for various purposes and tasks, must have qualities and characteristics that contribute to the full performance of functions without harming the he alth and life of the animal. centuries oldThe breeding of horses led to the formation of clear signs of the correct correlation of the forms and functions of their body. Therefore, the correct choice of a breed designed to perform certain tasks is determined by the structural features of the animal’s body, which the horse’s exterior will help to accurately assess.
Visual evaluation begins with determining the hull format. To do this, you need to enclose the animal in an imaginary rectangle, in which its upper edge is the line from the withers along the croup, and the tangent lines from the shoulder and ischial tuberosity, respectively, become the lateral boundaries. A horizontally elongated rectangle shows a horse that can walk both under saddle and in harness. If the virtual rectangle is closer to a square, or, moreover, is elongated vertically, then such an animal is suitable only for a saddle.
Next, it is necessary to evaluate body parts that provide a more complete picture of the animal's exterior and allow you to establish a correspondence between its capabilities and the intended functions for which, in fact, it is selected.
The key to successfully maintaining the purity of the breed
The domestication of wild animals dates back to the time of the Mesolithic. People were constantly engaged in the selection of domesticated animals, noticing in them certain qualities that turned out to be especially useful for the community. As a result, it was the exterior that became one of the main tools that allows not only to maintain the necessary qualities of individuals, but also to improve them for each breed.
Recommended:
Why was the baby born blue? Assessment of the state of the newborn on the Apgar scale
Every mother-to-be looks forward to the perfect moment when her baby is born. In the movies, all babies are born very cute and have a nice pink skin color, but in real life it's not quite like that. Some babies are born blue, which causes great bewilderment or even fear in their mothers. In this article, we will try to figure out what skin color a newborn should have normally and why the baby was born blue
Cellulite during pregnancy: the cause of the appearance, methods and methods of struggle, the use of safe means
This cosmetic defect occurs at certain life stages in almost every woman - according to statistics, in 9 out of 10 women. There are many ways to deal with the "orange peel". But the situation is aggravated when cellulite is found during pregnancy. In this interesting situation, preference should be given only to safe means. What are the ways to combat cellulite during pregnancy?
How to conceive a child the first time: effective methods, methods and recommendations
Conceiving is a very difficult process. Some people can't get pregnant for years. How can you help them? What tips and recommendations to follow in order to be able to conceive a baby from 1 time? Or just really fast?
How to put a husband in his place: psychological methods and methods, advice from psychologists
Those who are familiar with the work of Anton Pavlovich Chekhov are familiar with his statement that happy families are similar to each other, and each family is unhappy in its own way. Family life is indeed full of difficulties, the main of which is the relationship between husband and wife. Let's look at the main problems that spouses face
Placenta accreta: symptoms, causes, diagnostic methods, possible risks for mother and child, treatment methods and recommendations from gynecologists
The placenta is an embryonic organ that allows the fetus to receive oxygen and nutrition during pregnancy. In the normal state of the woman and the correct course of pregnancy, the placenta is attached at the top of the uterus and remains there until the very time of childbirth. After the birth of a child, it exfoliates from the wall of the uterus and comes out
