Character of children. Features of the character of the child

2024 Author: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 00:21

We talk a lot about building character in young children. In fact, things are somewhat different. After all, the nature of children is laid already at birth. We are only developing what is put into it, directing it in the right direction.

Can children be changed?

It is very important for adults involved in raising a baby, even in early childhood, to feel, to understand exactly what features are inherent in this or that crumb.

Only on the basis of the correct conclusions, it is possible to build an accurate system for educating a diversified personality who will comfortably exist in society. Otherwise, you can break the character of children in early childhood, instill self-doubt, hatred or fear of the world around them in the soul of the kids.

In fact, it is almost impossible to change the character of a child. It's like turning a brunette into a blond or turning a black into a Caucasian. Outwardly, it is possible to achieve some changes, but the genotype will remain the same. And the new hair will grow in the color of the gene that is present in the human DNA.

Therefore, the very concept of “character education” in its direct meaning is practically not used. Usually thisthe phrase means educating a child in perseverance, honesty, perseverance, that is, some qualities necessary for the development of a successful personality.

4 types of characters in children

The future of a person who grows out of a baby depends on how correctly adults determine the inclinations laid down at birth, the characteristics of a baby. Psychologists around the world are trying to classify the nature of children.

There is a variant of dividing children (and all people) into four types:

• sensitive (sensitive);
• active;
• communicative;
• receptive.

Sentitive (sensitive) type

Each type of character corresponds to certain features. Moreover, they begin to appear in early childhood.

For example, it is believed that the sensitive nature of young children is determined by their increased manifestation of emotions, sensitive mental organization, susceptibility to the experiences of other people. Such kids react painfully to their mistakes, they are very upset even because of minor failures. Such children should not once again be shamed, ridiculed, sneered at, punished, pulled up during the manifestation of emotions.

And you definitely shouldn't distract an upset kid, trying to make him laugh at the moment when he is going through another storm of emotions. Moreover, you should not show him the intensity of your passions associated with events that the baby is not able to change or influence.

Positive features of the character of a child related toto the sensitive type is the possibility of influencing him by showing his dissatisfaction with facial expressions or just a few words describing his sad mood: "I'm upset …" or "I'm ashamed of you!" Such a child does not need to be scolded, appealed to his feelings, and even more so punished.

However, this type of child's character develops in him self-doubt, tightness, fear of doing something wrong. Therefore, they are usually uncommunicative, shy. These are not the best qualities. And if these character traits of the child are not corrected, then one can hardly hope that a self-confident successful person will later grow out of him, capable of making decisions and doing things on his own.

It is very important to achieve understanding with such a baby. He must feel that there are people living nearby who are also worried that they also have failures. But they know how to fight them.

Let the baby communicate with children of this type - do not force him to be friends with leaders, rude and domineering children who will suppress him. But to cultivate self-esteem should begin from early childhood. If necessary, the child should be able to resist violence, refuse, say “no.”

Usually, creative personalities grow out of such children: artists, writers, musicians. Many of the sensitive natures appeared doctors, teachers, psychologists. Yes, and scientists often in childhood were inclined to sit on the sidelines alone while others broke toys, climbed onto garage roofs, or fought mercilessly.with each other.

Active Type

The very name of this kind of character already speaks for itself. The main character traits of an active type child are mobility, curiosity, and sociability. They are always on the move, they are bored of sitting still for even a minute, they want to constantly do something, learn. Often these aspirations are fraught with broken toys, torn panties, knocked knees. At the slightest weakening of attention from adults, kids can do god knows what, invent a game that is associated with a risk to life.

Features of the character of an active type child are that for him the main thing is action, not feelings. It is impossible to influence his behavior with knitted eyebrows or a displeased shake of the head. Yes, and more powerful methods are not very effective. Screaming, swearing, punishment can embitter the baby. And often he simply adopts such a demeanor and in response begins to be rude, scream, intimidate, threaten.

Adults should make every effort to ensure that active preschool children are constantly engaged in useful work. Praise as an incentive for new achievements is the only way to bring up positive qualities in a child.

Usually, real leaders grow out of such children. Therefore, it is so important to teach the baby to be a leader, to direct his indefatigable energy in the right direction. If a child is instilled with responsibility at an early age, then later a successful self-confident person can grow out of him,who can achieve a lot in life.

The complexity of the educational process is that the qualities of the character of a child leader without sensitive guidance can bring up a notorious bully, a fearless and reckless organizer of a criminal gang, a ruthless and stubborn egoist.

Communicative Type

Comparing the types of character of the child, you can establish some similarities between them. The communicative type is quite close to the active one. Indeed, in both cases, the child lives not with emotions, but with actions. Only if the active type has a desire to command other people, then the main goal of a communicative baby is precisely knowledge. Such children grab at everything, they are interested in everything, they love to start. But routine, everyday life disgusts them.

If an active kid can be accustomed to order using praise, reward, encouragement, then a communicative one does not care about all this. On the contrary, even the usual repetition of habitual actions causes protest in him.

How to deal with such a kid, for whom chaos is the norm? How to teach him to order? How to ensure that the little man brings the work he has begun to the end? Probably, there is only one option - changes in the mode of action, the inclusion of a note of novelty in any activity. He began to clean up the toys, quickly got tired, quit, went to play with the kitten? Do not scold him and lecture him! You can simply add a playful element to your cleaning routine: “An emergency evacuation of all toys has just been announced - a tsunami is coming! Here is the ship (boxfor toys), which sails in five minutes! All toys must be loaded onto it quickly!”

It is worth remembering that if the second time such a game works, then the third time it will definitely be useless. And adults should come up with a new story.

It should also be noted the positive character traits of a child of a communicative type. They are usually very sociable, able to adapt to the environment, easily converge with other people. Since routine is alien to them, these children themselves bring variety to any activity. It is they who infect the entire crowd with the desire to turn off the usual road and ride on ice floes along the river during ice drift or measure the depth of a puddle with boots …

However, they do not care if others follow them, because they can turn off alone. The main thing is that they will go the unbeaten path. These people often grow up as discoverers, climbers and divers, archaeologists and geologists. Often they make writers and actors, but only if everything works out right away. Working on what was written, taking it apart and sorting it out, repeating the route is not for them.

Therefore, in such children, first of all, perseverance, patience, perseverance should be developed. You can't say it's that easy. But probably. They should just be allowed to take breaks in work with a change in occupation, rearrange the furniture in the room more often, change the cover of the notebook, change clothes.

Receptive type

Probably the most convenient type of character for educators. After all, children with a receptive type of character loverules, constancy, rhythm, mode, repetition of the same actions. They are easy to “manage” in kindergarten and at school, they easily get up in the morning, wash their faces and brush their teeth without reminders, easily cope with tasks that they have carefully worked out. But here are situations when novelty suddenly appears, when you need to be smart or take some action that was not discussed in advance, “block” the child’s psyche. Such children make excellent performers, but they will never become leaders. To make their own decision for them is akin to accomplishing a feat.

Considering the nature of the behavior of children belonging to the receptive type, it should be noted that they, like babies belonging to the sensitive type, are characterized by sensitivity and a tendency to experiences. These are very sensitive and responsive children. And if you skillfully cultivate in them the ability to make independent decisions, then they will make wonderful family men, true friends.

You can begin to cultivate independence in early childhood. For example, you should allow them to buy something for themselves in a store, pay for the purchase themselves, choose a gift for a sister or teacher. Even choosing clothes in the morning is already an act. Any small actions that the baby will do on his own, guided by his desire, should be encouraged. And in no case should you offend a little man with distrust if he makes a mistake. Explain - yes, show another option - yes. But do not scold, do not punish, do not make a mockery of.

Are there "pure" character types?

Of course, it is impossible to assign a child to one specific type with one hundred percent certainty. In one personality, traits characteristic of both two and three types coexist quite well. For example, an active leader may well be sensitive and emotional. Otherwise, where would the heads of organizations for the protection of homeless animals come from? The same leader may well have such a character trait as hatred of routine and order. The desire to do everything completely differently than it was before played into the hands of many managers: they are the ones who make a breakthrough, introducing a new regime into the work of the plant, radically changing even the very direction in production.

Or, for example, a sensitive person may well be a semi-receptive lover of order and regularity. As, however, often in such a person there may be a desire for change.

Type of character accentuations

Excessive manifestation of the main typical character traits in an individual is called accentuation. These are the same children who are more in line with a particular subgroup. There is even a character type test compiled by K. Leonhard and N. Shmishek. It has the form of a questionnaire of 88 statements, which should be grouped into 10 scales. Based on the results obtained, it is possible to give an answer to which type the person most of all belongs to.

What can I say, it is impossible to conduct such a test to determine the character of a child a year, he is just beginning to learn articulate speech. It is also quite difficult to conduct a character type test witha preschool kid, because not only will he not be able to answer many questions, but he will not even understand the meaning of many questions!

Although attentive adults may well be content with their own observations of their child and draw their own conclusions. For example, how will a baby up to a year react to the fact that a grandmother suddenly puts on glasses for the first time? A child of a sensitive and receptive type will burst into tears or simply get upset, but a communicative one will immediately begin to “get acquainted” with a new granny. An active kid will also not stand aside, but will try to take away and study the “new toy”.

You can also draw a conclusion on how the baby reacts to a new toy. The receptive warehouse of character does not allow you to immediately take a new thing in your hands - first you need to get used to it, take a closer look. Sensitive emotional children sometimes react very violently to new things, especially if this mechanical toy moves or makes sounds. It is possible that the baby will never accept it, bursting into tears on the day of the first meeting.

The communicative type of character is always happy with everything new, therefore, if the baby happily accepts any toy from the hands of even an unfamiliar person, you should know that such a little man is growing up in you.

she has inside. After all, this is an active type of character, and nothingyou can do it.

Another gradation of character types

Some psychologists consider it necessary to divide people differently than it was described above. They believe that children should be divided into:

• practical;
• prone to learning;
• managing;
• talented craftsmen.

Determining which of the listed types a particular child belongs to is quite easy. One prefers to learn everything new, easy to train. Everything is clear and without clarification.

Another, regardless of his knowledge and skills, constantly teaches everyone, is always ahead - the ringleader, in a word. It is clear that this is a future leader, because the tendency to manage is obvious. Although learning and leadership often coexist perfectly in the same person.

The third one is very careful, scrupulous, obligatory in everything. This one is definitely practical! But where is it written that he will not be prone to learning and there is not an ounce of desire to command in him?

Actually, even "pure" creators are hard to find. Usually artists and writers don't come from people who don't like to learn new things.

8 role-playing character types

And some psychologists believe that all children should be divided not into 4, but into 8 subgroups:

• leader;
• secret chief;
• artist;
• night watchman;
• hunter;
• hearth keeper;
• politician;
• hard worker.

A leader is a typical leader whose behavior patternsconsidered above: initiative, freedom-loving, decisive.

Interesting type of "secret leader". This is a leader who does not know how to lead, he dreams of gaining power, but he himself is inactive and does not have any of the qualities necessary for this. Usually he realizes his craving for domination in the family. This is a family tyrant. And parents should pay special attention to this fact. After all, it is from these types of children that maniacs, domestic sadists, and criminals are obtained. Therefore, sometimes you should even work with a psychologist to prevent unwanted consequences.

An artist is a creative person. Often in the team there is a "black sheep". But with close people - relatives, friends, loved ones - artists can be infinitely tender.

A night watchman is an "owl", active in the evenings, hardly waking up in the morning, often suspicious and timid nature.

Hunter is a tough, domineering, fast, active person. In essence, this is a leader, but not feeling the desire for leadership. Therefore, despite the fact that he often leads the team, he may well act alone.

Keeper of the hearth - this is the same receptive type of measured, pedantic performer. Hates innovation, loves animals, children, order in everything.

Politician is a pronounced communicative type. Sociable, greedy for praise, knows how to smooth out conflicts and easily solves life's problems. But out of boredom, he can create intrigue himself, make a scandal “out of nothing”. He studies well, but only in those subjects that interest him. Requires carefulattitude towards oneself, since one can never be sure what the "politics" will come up with in the next minute.

Hard worker - a child physically strong, but with some deviations in mental and sometimes moral development. Mobile and pugnacious, bold enough. With a lack of attention from educators and parents, it can grow into a bully and a bully. But essentially good. Therefore, with the right upbringing, a wonderful family man grows out of him, a good performer - a hard worker, in a word.

Summing up the above, it can be noted that all types of characters are intertwined with each other, that each child is an individual. Therefore, there are no specific strict rules for all occasions. The educator is the creator of personality, the sculptor of the soul. Therefore, the result depends on how accurately he chooses an approach to a particular child.