2024 Author: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 00:21
Bleeding from the nose is one of the first phenomena among spontaneous blood loss. Moreover, it arises suddenly, frightening both parents and the children themselves. Why is the child bleeding from the nose? This, rather, is due to a violation of the integrity of the vascular wall or poor blood clotting. In addition, bleeding can be spontaneous, as well as appear due to an injury.
Local reasons
Bleeding from the nose is divided into local and general. In the first case, when blood flows from the nose, this is due to damage to the nasal septum. It has vascular plexuses close to the surface, which are easily injured. Here, the reasons may be different, for example, the habit of picking your nose, a foreign body that has fallen into the cavity and provokes bleeding, a fracture. Moreover, small children can stick something up their nose and forget about it. In addition, the baby is simply afraid to tell his parents about his trick. As a result, blood with purulent secretions begins to flow from the nose. In such a situation, you should immediately consult a doctor to remove the item.
Generalreasons
Causes of bleeding from the nose are, for example, various malignant and benign tumors of the nose. Also, the situation may arise due to the curvature of the septum, but there will be difficulty in nasal breathing. Sometimes it happens that the baby has an abnormal structure of the vascular system, so blood can go during a cold. In addition, the presence of fresh and humidified air in the room is important for the child. After all, often the nose bleeds in a child simply due to dry air. As a result, the mucous membrane of the septum dries up, growing together with the vascular system. Therefore, its elasticity and strength are lost. This means that when sneezing, blowing your nose, the mucous membrane cracks, after which the vessel bursts and blood flows.
Blood clotting
Often, nosebleeds can be due to a disease such as poor clotting. Here, the vessels have increased permeability, so any infection like the flu, colds or acute respiratory infections already causes heavy bleeding. This category also includes hereditary diseases, which are characterized by a violation in the structure of the vascular system of the wall. In addition, inflammation can also cause nosebleeds. Arterial pressure rises, which is accompanied by bleeding. Kidney disease, sunstroke and overheating can also be causes.
During sleep
Suddenly, nosebleeds can occur during sleep. Moreover, such blood loss is unilateral or fromeach nostril. There are also differences in time and intensity. Sometimes blood clots appear in small numbers, and then everything stops. In other cases, blood flows in a stream for a rather long time, and in this case it is difficult to stop the bleeding. The main thing is to understand that nosebleeds are not only a sign of injury, but also a possible disease. Therefore, if a child has a nosebleed in the morning every day, you need to see a doctor. The specialist is obliged to appoint an examination, examine the nasal cavity, send it for x-ray to study the paranasal sinuses.
Blood arrest for local bleeding
In the event that bleeding occurs due to the proximity of the vessels to the surface of the nasal septum, a specialist may prescribe cauterization. This can be done in many ways: electricity, laser or liquid nitrogen. Usually, the indication for this is constant nosebleeds, repeated several times a week (and when attempts to stop the bleeding are unsuccessful), as well as exhaustion of the child's body or the appearance of anemia.
General examination
When blood flows from the nose, the reasons can be general. A full examination is already scheduled here. The list includes blood tests, consultations with other specialists, a hematologist, a pediatrician, a surgeon, for example. With chronic bleeding, the body is depleted, which subsequently forms anemia. Further, the immune system suffers, resulting in a decrease in resistance todiseases. At the same time, if oxygen starvation occurs, pathology appears, and many structural changes become irreversible. Bleeding can also be acute, in which the condition worsens rapidly, leading to loss of consciousness.
Nosebleed Help
There are many reasons why a child has a nosebleed. The main thing in the event of bleeding is to be able to properly stop the bleeding. After that, already deal with finding out the reason.
1. The child needs to be calmed first. After all, at the sight of blood, the baby experiences stress, and as a result, blood pressure rises. Of course, this only increases blood loss. Therefore, you need to be able to convince the child and everyone around that everything is in order. There is no danger, and the bleeding will soon stop.
2. The child must be brought to an upright position. After that, tilt forward a little so that the remaining blood in the nose flows out to the end. It will also allow you to see which half is actually bleeding. And you need to act in a similar way when it comes to the smallest children. Here the baby needs to be picked up and gently tilted forward. It is worth noting that tilting the head back is an erroneous action. This is because blood can get into the throat. This causes the child to choke. After that, coughing with vomiting and increased bleeding begins.
3. Many do not know how to stop nosebleeds. The blood pressure rises, so there is not enough fresh air. Need to unzipclothes, and then ask the child to breathe, inhaling through the nose and exhaling through the mouth. Then put a handkerchief moistened with cold water on the nose area. At the same time, be sure to wrap your legs in a warm blanket, which will contribute to the circulation of blood in the nose and stop its flow.
4. It is known that the causes of bleeding from the nose are a weak vascular plexus located close to the septum. That is why sometimes it is enough to pinch the wing of the nose in this place with your hand to stop the bleeding. If this method does not help, you can put a swab made of sterile gauze into the child's nasal passage. The main thing is to pre-moisten it with a solution of hydrogen peroxide. In addition, other vasoconstrictors can be used, such as Naphthyzin, Otrivin, or Tizin.
5. The reason why the child bleeds from the nose may be a foreign body. You can't get it on your own. Indeed, in an unfortunate combination of circumstances, it will enter the respiratory tract, provoking suffocation. Therefore, only a specialist should deal with its extraction. In addition, it is important at such a moment to calm the child and try to help him as quickly as possible.
6. When a baby has headaches, blood starts to flow from the nose, this is a serious reason to also consult a doctor. Here it is already necessary to conduct a comprehensive examination in order to establish the exact cause of the child's poor he alth. If the bleeding is not heavy, the above measures will be sufficient. Assistance should be controlledpulse, degree of consciousness, general condition of the child. After stopping, it is worth limiting physical activity in the coming days. In addition, you can lubricate the sinuses with petroleum jelly using cotton swabs. This will protect the mucous membrane from drying out.
Indications for hospitalization
You should do your own stop bleeding from the nose in the first twenty minutes. If no measures taken help, the blood does not stop or starts to flow again, this requires medical intervention. Therefore, the child must be urgently taken to a medical facility so that he is given first aid. Moreover, calling an ambulance will allow you to perform certain actions to stop the bleeding on the way to the hospital. It is worth noting that children with bleeding disorders, kidney disease, fainting or trauma should be immediately hospitalized.
Treatment
When a child is admitted to the hospital, certain measures are already being taken to stop the bleeding. First, find out why the child is bleeding from the nose. If bleeding occurs through the nostrils, and the source is in the anterior parts of the nasal cavity, then the diagnosis is not difficult to establish. Here they use, as mentioned above, cauterization with a laser, electricity and nitrogen.
In the event that blood flows down the back of the nasopharynx, after which it is swallowed, bloody vomiting appears. This is the first sign of nosebleeds, which is more difficult to detect. With a big lossblood, gauze swabs are installed. In addition, hemostatic drugs are used.
Profuse bleeding
If there is a large blood loss, which can lead to death, a blood infusion is performed. In especially severe cases, donated blood is used. Also, to stop the bleeding from the nose, they may resort to surgery. Here, ligation or blockage of large vessels is performed, which provide blood supply to the damaged area. At the same time, the clarification of the reasons that led to such consequences begins. This is because nosebleeds are often just a symptom of a particular disease. A diagnosis made on time, as well as timely treatment, will help prevent adverse moments. As a result, this will eliminate permanent or temporary nosebleeds, as well as save the life of your child. Therefore, contacting a specialist should not be postponed, and if your baby is suffering from a nosebleed, urgent measures must be taken before you have to call an ambulance to urgently save him.
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