Open lesson in the preparatory group on ecology, mathematics, literacy

2024 Author: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 00:21

In order to deeply reveal such an important and topical issue as the educational system of preschool educational institutions, it is necessary to recall the history of preschool pedagogy.

Theoretical foundations of preschool teachers

A full-fledged open lesson in the preparatory group is a widely used form of the educational process in the preschool educational institution. At one time, the Polish teacher Jan Komensky substantiated the need for classes in teaching preschoolers.

K. D. Ushinsky put forward the thesis about the relationship between classes in kindergarten and lessons in elementary school. A. P. Usova developed the basics of raising children in a preschool educational institution, and it was also proved that an open lesson in a preparatory group helps to develop a child, prepare him for schooling.

Earthcare Levels

Teachers identify two main levels of knowledge that children master in preschool.

• The first level is elementary knowledge acquired by preschoolers as a result of communication with peers, other people, during the game.
• The second level is the knowledge and skills acquired by children in the learning process.

There are also three types of educational preschool activities that are directly related to the cognitive motives of babies:

• the ability to listen carefully to the information provided in the lesson and follow the instructions of the elders in the course and methods of implementation;
• the ability to evaluate the work that is done during the thematic lesson in the company of not only the educator, but also the peers of the preschooler;
• the ability to achieve the set goals, finding for this the only right solution or several alternative options, which, with some refinement with the teacher, will help to achieve the solution of the problem.

The importance of educational activities in the preschool educational institution

Any open preschool activity is considered an active means of early childhood education.

Leading educators and child psychologists have been studying issues related to the use of classes as the main form of frontal learning for preschoolers.

In modern preschool pedagogy (FSES), an open lesson in the preparatory group also has a positive impact on personal and intellectual development, as well as on full preparation for school.

Forms and methods of classes in the preschool educational institution

In this period of time, there is a constant improvement of extra-curricularclasses in various directions: the very content of preschool education is constantly becoming more complex and expanding, there is a search for effective forms of interconnection between various types of activities. Increasingly, for example, educators are trying to conduct an open lesson in the preparatory group on ecology in the form of a game, thereby increasing preschoolers' interest in learning.

Currently, many educators are moving from group classes to working in small groups. This trend allows us to improve the quality of education, because with an individual approach, children quickly learn theoretical material and gain practical skills.

On current trends in the system of preschool education

Among the new trends that are actively used in preschool institutions, it is necessary to single out the construction of systems of developmental classes in various areas. Gradually, the tasks offered in the classroom become more difficult, the educators try to bring the activities as close as possible to the ordinary life of preschoolers in order to create favorable conditions for the personal and intellectual development of kids.

What are the forms of preschool education

It is customary to single out the following forms of preschool education:

• individual;
• group;
• frontal.

In the preschool educational institution, time is allocated for extracurricular activities, individual work with children. Under the content of preschool education, it is customary to understand the following activities:

• sportswear;
• subject-game;
• labor;
• productive;
• plot-role-playing.

On the structure and characteristics of classes with preschoolers

There are special programs that preschool teachers work on. The open lesson itself in the FGT preparatory group for mathematics has a clear structure, it is determined by the specifics and content of the activities of preschoolers.

Regardless of such factors, any additional lesson should have three parts that are interconnected by methodology and content, these are: the beginning of the event, the course of the lesson, and the end.

Start class

Starting an open lesson in the preparatory group in mathematics, the teacher must set the children up for the upcoming activity, switch their attention, set the children emotionally, clearly explain the essence of the task. Based on these explanations, the children form their action plan, they must understand what the algorithm for completing the task is, and what result should be obtained.

Study progress

Self-open lesson in the preparatory group on the world around (or other discipline) is an independent mental or practical activity of preschoolers, which consists in mastering certain skills and knowledge set by the teacher at the beginning of the lesson. This stage of the lesson involves the individualization of techniques and training in full accordance with the specifics of thinking, the pace of assimilation, the level of development of the child. On thisthe stage of contacting preschoolers is possible only in emergency cases, when the baby is mistaken. Those preschoolers who have attention, good memory, ability to compare, analyze, the teacher should provide minimal assistance.

For example, if an open lesson is held in the preparatory group for applications, it is enough to remind, guide, give advice to the pupil and give him a chance to find a way out of this situation on his own.

End class

The teacher must see the final result of the activities of preschoolers in order to assess his growth, the formation of certain skills and abilities. It is desirable that an open lesson in the preparatory group around the world ends with a summing up, an assessment of the activities of the kids. There is a direct relationship between the age of children, their individual characteristics and the complexity of the educational tasks assigned to them.

Each part of a lesson in a preschool educational institution may have its own specific features, it all depends on the goals set, as well as on the section taken for the lesson. For example, an open lesson in a preparatory group for teaching literacy pursues such a goal as the correct pronunciation of difficult words, the ability to build certain sentences. If the educator uses private methods in their work, they have clear recommendations at each stage of the lesson, and also involve reflection.

After the open lesson in the preparatory group in mathematics is completed, the teacher analyzes the development of program tasks by children, outlines a plan and contentsubsequent lessons.

The structure of classes in the preschool educational institution assumes the presence of a test of knowledge, skills, and abilities of preschoolers. Such a check is performed in the process of observing the behavior of children during classes, analyzing the results of their work and the behavior of the kids during the game.

About the classification of activities in kindergartens

Today, a special classification is used for all activities conducted with preschool children. Depending on the didactic task set, for example, an open lesson in the preparatory group on ecology can be divided into the following types:

• necessary for mastering skills, new knowledge;
• to consolidate existing skills and abilities;
• creative and applied activities;
• combined classes conducted to solve different educational problems.

According to the content of knowledge, all classes in the preschool educational institution are supposed to be divided:

• for classical classes conducted in certain areas of education;
• for integrated lessons that include several educational sections at once.

Any open lesson in the preparatory group on the topic of space can be considered combined, capable of immediately solving various didactic tasks (telling children about the stars, space exploration, developing their creative abilities).

Regarding the content of classes in the preschool educational institution, we note that you can use knowledge from several different areas of activity at once, so that the baby will form a single idea of the world around him. Integrated classes fully comply with the concept of the development of the child's personality. For preschool educational institutions, it is planned to conduct classes in the following areas:

• acquaintance with the outside world;
• development of speech of preschoolers;
• construction and visual activity;
• music lessons;
• physical education;
• formation of elementary physical culture.

There are certain requirements for preschool education programs (FSES), on their basis, individual development programs for preschoolers are created.

The program of any lesson in a preschool educational institution should include:

• certain amounts of knowledge about the qualities and properties of objects, their changes, interconnections, algorithms of actions, primary assimilation, expansion of knowledge, consolidation, as well as their generalization;
• about the volume of practical skills in the case of teaching productive forms of activity;
• about the number of skills required for effective learning and cognitive activity, their initial formation and improvement, as well as their application.

The size of the educational content in the lesson takes into account the amount of memory, concentration of attention of preschoolers, their mental performance.

Among the different forms of classes in preschool educational institutions, educational excursions occupy a special place. During the excursions, the teacher manages to solve both educational and educational tasks.