Dyslexia is Dyslexia in younger students. Dyslexia - treatment

2024 Author: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 00:21

There are many different diseases in the world that can develop in both adults and children. It is simply impossible to know everything. That is why in this article I want to talk about such a problem as dyslexia. This is what it is, how it can be detected and what methods of its treatment exist - I want to talk about this.

About the concept

There are children who find reading and writing very difficult. Such kids are often considered lazy, but not everything is so simple. Who knows, maybe the child has dyslexia? This is a special neurological condition, a learning disability that can affect the student's perception of letters, numbers, signs. At the same time, the baby poorly perceives and understands reading, writing, mathematics, he has a rather low academic performance. However, at the same time, research scientists prove that the IQ of such children is most often above average. You can also try to simply explain the disease. In this case, dyslexia is a kind of malfunction in the child's brain, which prevents him from accessing a certain analyzer (for example, words or numbers). Why is this happening - let's try to figure it out further.

A littlestories

It will be very interesting that this term was first used back in 1887 by ophthalmologist R. Berlin. The doctor first encountered the problem when he was examining a well-rounded boy. He experienced significant difficulties in reading and writing, but at the same time, in all other areas of knowledge, the guy showed simply remarkable results. This term, according to Berlin, was supposed to denote the problem when, with universal learning, a child has problems with reading and writing. According to modern statistics, this disease is known firsthand by about 5-10% of all inhabitants of the planet, and it is most often determined at the age of 6-7 years. Due to its neurological nature, getting rid of this disease is not so easy, it will take maximum effort on the part of the child, patience on the part of the parents and, of course, a lot of time.

Main problems of dyslexics

Having understood that dyslexia is the inability to perceive letters or numbers correctly, it is worth talking a little about what other problems children with this disease may face.

1. Such children can see certain letters or numbers backwards, automatically turn them over on their own and not be able to read.
2. Sometimes, in children with this condition, the text may "jump" around the page, not folding in an even row.
3. There may also be problems distinguishing between similar numbers and letters (e.g. "p" and "b", 10 and 01).
4. If a child can distinguish between letters,it happens that he cannot pronounce them in one row, i.e. in a word.
5. A common problem is that the child does not remember the words he has read. He has to learn all over again.
6. Often, these children do not see the words, for them the letters are simply mixed up.
7. Also, children with this problem can change letters in words (instead of "weight" read "all").
8. It is also not uncommon for a child to understand and know all the letters, but when he tries to read a word, he gets a severe headache, nausea, and possibly dizziness.

It is worth mentioning that with all this, scientists say that such children almost never have problems with visual perception (and if they do, it is extremely rare). In addition, this list is far from all the problems that a dyslexic may experience. Children of different ages have different difficulties, and as the baby grows older, the difficulties also transform, change.

Classification

Classification of dyslexia is what should also be mentioned in this article. So, this disease can be classified according to several indicators.

1. Children with dysphonic dyslexia cannot speak words, read. It's like a secret code for them that needs to be decrypted every time.
2. Children with dysedetic dyslexia (also known as gest alt blind dyslexia) have great difficulty remembering words, but may not be able to tell the difference between similar letters. After reading a word on one page, they may notread it on the next one.
3. The third type of this disease is the most difficult, and it is quite difficult for such children to help: it is a combination of the first two dyslexias.

About Species

It is also necessary to consider several types of dyslexia that can develop in schoolchildren.

1. Phonematic dyslexia. This is the underdevelopment of the function of the phonemic system.
2. Agrammatical. Replacement or distortion of word morphemes.
3. Semantic dyslexia. This is a violation of reading comprehension with formally perfect reading and pronunciation of words.
4. Optical. Dyslexia, which is associated with underdevelopment of visual function.
5. Mnestic. This type of dyslexia manifests itself in the difficulties of learning letters and understanding the connection between them.

Causes of disease

It is also important to consider why dyslexia occurs in younger students. So, the reason may be a localized lesion of certain areas of the brain. This can happen as a result of an injury (even a simple blow to the head) or underdevelopment of the desired part of the brain. Another equally important reason, according to doctors, which can cause this disease in children, is he alth problems in the mother and baby even at the stage of gestation or the birth itself. The following fact will be important: according to doctors, about half of the cases of this disease were inherited from parents (this disease affects both sexes, but, according to statistics, inoccurs three times more frequently in boys than in girls). However, at the same time, such children cannot be considered mentally retarded or handicapped, they just cannot decipher the information received from outside. At the same time, problems do not exist in the entire brain, but only in a separate part of it.

Diagnosis

How can you tell if a child has the condition? So, children's speech therapists recommend conducting a special test that will help solve the problem and find out if the child is really sick with dyslexia or simply lags behind in the development and study of subjects. Predisposition can also be detected using genetic analysis, when the DCDC2 gene responsible for this disease is examined.

About treatment

What to do if a child has dyslexia? Treatment with medicines is not a way out of the situation. In addition, this option of getting rid of the problem is unlikely to be prompted by anyone, there are simply no such drugs. In this case, competent corrective work is needed. Teachers, children's speech therapists and, of course, specially trained specialists can help with this. So, work with such children can be carried out both in the classroom (the teacher must pay special attention to such a child, which, however, is very difficult), or the child must be sent to study with special teachers who can correct this problem.

Special programs may include a wide variety of working methods. It can even be exercises for the eyes,which can also help to cope with this disease. However, most often each case of dyslexia is considered individually, a special program is selected and formed for the child, which will help only him to cope with the problem. If the symptoms of the disease do not immediately disappear and the dyslexia does not recede, treatment should still be continued. Do not give up, and the result will definitely make itself felt.