Vaccinations at 7 years old: vaccination calendar, age limits, BCG vaccination, Mantoux test and ADSM vaccination, reactions to vaccination, norm, pathology and contraindications

2024 Author: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 00:21

Each pediatrician has a list of mandatory vaccinations, which describes in detail what vaccination and when the child needs to be vaccinated. If parents do not have the opportunity to contact a pediatrician, then it is worth studying this important information on their own. The preventive vaccination calendar, which is valid today, was approved by order of the Ministry of He alth of the Russian Federation No. 229 of 2001-27-06. District pediatricians rely on him when prescribing the next vaccination.

Vaccination calendar

In order to create immunity from certain diseases, it is necessary to put down a course of preventive vaccinations, which include 2-3 injections and further revaccination:

• The very first vaccine is given to a newborn 12 hours after birth, this will protect the baby from hepatitis B.
• On the 3rd-7th day, the child is vaccinated against tuberculosis with the BCG vaccine.
• Hepatitis B revaccination through appointed 30 days after the birth of the baby.
• Bthree months of vaccination against: whooping cough, diphtheria, tetanus (one vaccine), polio.
• At 4.5 months repeat the previous vaccination.
• At 6 months they do the same thing again and add another hepatitis B vaccine.
• At one year old, a child must be vaccinated against: measles, rubella and mumps (mumps). Everything is done with one injection.
• At 1.5 years old, revaccination against whooping cough, diphtheria, tetanus and polio is done.
• At 20 months, another revaccination. This will also serve as protection against polio.
• Parents can then forget about vaccinations until age 6. At this age, the child is given the measles, mumps and rubella vaccine.

What vaccinations are given to a child at 7 years old?

• First of all, this is BCG revaccination.
• Also administers ADSM to children at age 7.

Vaccination of schoolchildren and adults

Vaccinations after 7 years also continue to be given. It is necessary to repeat the procedure every 5-10 years, the frequency depends on the type of vaccine. For example, at the age of thirteen, vaccinations are made according to an individual calendar.

If vaccines have not been delivered that will protect the body from hepatitis B, then they will need to be done. And also at the age of 13, girls are vaccinated against rubella.

After the age of 14, another revaccination against diphtheria, tetanus, tuberculosis and polio is carried out.

Then every ten years, lifelong treatments are required.

What are children vaccinated with?

In ourvaccines are delivered to the country both domestically and imported. But only those that have passed the test are registered and approved for use. For example, the DTP vaccine is a domestic vaccine, and the Pentaxim and Infanrix vaccines are its imported counterparts.

What vaccinations should I get before school

After the age of seven, a child is usually sent to school. Therefore, vaccinations at the age of 7 are strongly recommended. The beginning of school life is a difficult stage for a kid, at this moment he especially needs both psychological and physiological support.

The educational process creates a huge burden on the still immature child's psyche and on the growing child's body. Going to school can negatively affect the well-being of the child, who needs time to adapt. In addition to all this, the school is a source of all sorts of illnesses, since a large number of very different children, from various families, go to it. Therefore, an unvaccinated child runs the risk of catching some kind of infection every day.

In the classroom, school cafeteria, school latrines, infections can spread quickly. You should especially beware of influenza, measles, mumps, chickenpox, rubella. It is in places of mass congestion of children that it is easiest to catch these types of infections.

In order to prevent infection with these diseases, it is necessary to get vaccinated on time, observing the deadlines.

What vaccinations should be at 7 years old? This information should be provided to you by your doctor. But, according toaccording to our immunization schedule, by age 7, your child should already have had the following vaccinations:

• Must be vaccinated against whooping cough, diphtheria, tetanus at the age of three, four and a half, six, eighteen months (according to indications, the doctor can shift the dates),
• Required five polio shots at three, four and a half, six, eighteen and twenty months;
• Must have one shot for measles, rubella, mumps and three for hepatitis B.

At the age of six months, you can get your first flu shot. Further revaccination can be carried out annually.

Vaccinations before school

What vaccine is given at age 7?

At six or seven years old, it is necessary to revaccinate against the following diseases:

• measles, rubella, mumps;
• from diphtheria, tetanus.

If parents want to have more vaccinations for maximum protection of the child from infections, then they need to consult with the attending pediatrician. Your doctor may suggest vaccinations for chickenpox, pneumococcal disease, influenza, and hepatitis A.

Also, in those regions where there is a high risk of being bitten by a tick infected with viral encephalitis in the warm season, it is strongly recommended to vaccinate children against it even before the onset of spring.

ADSM before school

Children are vaccinated with ADSM at age 7 according to the National Tetanus and Diphtheria Vaccination Schedule.

The name can be decoded like this:

• A - adsorbed;
• D - diphtheria;
• C - tetanus;
• M is a small dose of the diphtheria component.

This vaccine is well tolerated by children. Also, its plus is that all the components enter the body after one injection.

DTP vaccination at 7 years old is usually not given, because it is replaced with ADSM.

What is the difference between DTP and TDTA vaccines

Some children have severe complications after the introduction of the DTP vaccine, so they are subsequently given an analogue that does not contain an antipertussis component. Moreover, the DTP vaccination at the age of 7 is often no longer given, instead they put an analogue - ADSM.

In these vaccines, the viral components are not distributed equally. DTP includes 30 units of diphtheria and 10 tetanus and 10 pertussis components, and in ADSM all components are 5 units each.

After each injection of the vaccine, the district pediatrician must record the child's reaction to it in the medical record. If the baby had a difficult vaccination, then in the future only ADSM will be used. The reaction of children 7 years old to the vaccine is usually good. Even toddlers tolerate this vaccine much more easily.

At 7 years old, they are vaccinated with R2 ADSM (R2 is a booster). After this, the next one is put only at the age of 14-16 years (R3 ADSM).

Then revaccination is carried out every 10 years, starting from 24-26 years and so on. There is no extreme limit when people should be revaccinated. Elderly people with weak immune systems are advised to take this preventive measure every 10 years, just like children.

Vaccine reaction and side effects

Vaccination reactions are quite common. Nearly 30% of guys have all sorts of side effects.

Specifically, DTP vaccination often causes complications after the third and fourth vaccinations. It is important to be able to distinguish between a complication and common side effects. The latter pass quickly, and complications leave a mark on he alth.

Any vaccine can cause a variety of reactions in the body. Manifestations are local and systemic.

Local include symptoms:

• redness;
• swelling of the injection site;
• seal;
• pain at injection site;
• impaired mobility of the limb, it hurts the child to step on the foot and touch it.

Common symptoms:

• temperature rises slightly;
• child becomes restless, moody and irritable;
• baby sleeps a lot;
• GI disorder;
• appetite is disturbed.

Side effects after administration of the drug appear on the first day. All these conditions are considered normal, as the body develops protection against infectious agents.

In such cases, doctors prescribe painkillers and antihistamines before the vaccine is administered, but these measures do not always help relieve pain and prevent the body from reacting.

If there are more severe side effects or something bothers you in the behavior of the child, then you should immediately call the doctor at home or call him and report your suspicions.

Reactionschildren appear differently. For example, the reaction to a vaccination at the age of 7, whatever they may be, will depend on the he alth of the child. But be sure to call a doctor if the following symptoms appear:

• Baby crying for more than three hours in a row.
• Temperature above 39 degrees.
• There is a large swelling at the injection site, more than 8 centimeters.

All this refers to pathological conditions, the child must be urgently taken to the hospital for hospitalization.

BCG before school

BCG is a vaccine against tuberculosis. The BCG vaccination at the age of 7 is re-vaccinated, i.e. revaccination is carried out. This procedure is preventive. It cannot protect a person from disease, but it can protect other people by preventing the infection from spreading. The first vaccination is given almost immediately after birth, while still in the hospital.

The vaccine consists of both live and dead microbacteria of tuberculosis cattle. These bacteria cannot infect humans. The vaccine is given to induce a reaction in the body that produces protective immunity against TB.

They put her in the shoulder, under the skin. It happens that the place where the vaccine was injected fester. And almost every person has a scar in this place, which makes it clear that the vaccination was carried out.

Mantoux test

The first vaccination is carried out without the so-called "button", and already at the age of 7, before the BCG vaccination, a Mantoux test is done. This is necessary in order to understand whether it makes sense to vaccinate. After all, if the child has already suffered an infection caused by Koch's wand, then it makes no sense to vaccinate the child. The Mantoux test makes it clear whether revaccination is necessary.

The procedure must be carried out every year. If the reaction to the test is positive, then it is not a fact that the child is waiting for treatment. Often, your own immune system itself can protect the body and prevent the development of the disease. In a severe form, the disease occurs only if the child does not have the necessary medical care, and then only in 10% of cases.

Supplementary vaccination

Chickenpox

Chickenpox is a highly contagious infection that is easily transmitted. For many, the disease is severe, causing serious complications. Chickenpox often leads to quarantine in educational institutions.

Vaccinations against chicken pox people tolerate very easily, without consequences. One vaccine provides immunity to the disease for about 10 years.

Vaccination against chickenpox is prohibited for people who have any acute illness at the time of vaccination. It is necessary to wait for a stable remission or complete recovery.

Pneumococcal disease

This infection is quite severe. It usually appears in children under two years of age. Manifested in the form of pneumonia, otitis media, meningitis. Vaccination is carried out once every two years. But they also vaccinate at three, four and a half, six and eighteen months. Also, this vaccine is recommended for children and adults who often suffer from pneumonia, otitis, bronchitis, diabetes, SARS.

Diseases caused by pneumococcal infection are dangerous for any person. But especially for small children up to three years. Usually at this time, the baby is no longer breastfed, that is, the child has no additional immunity, and his own has not yet been fully formed. In children under three years of age, the disease can be very severe and cause complications.

A child can catch the infection even in the hospital, or at a party, or even in groups for preschool development. By the way, older people are also included in the group at particular risk for this infection.

Flu

The flu shot, like any other, of course, has a number of contraindications and side effects. These will vary depending on the type of vaccine (live or inactivated).

The flu shot is strictly contraindicated if:

• a person has a tendency to allergies;
• has asthma;
• have chronic respiratory diseases;
• diagnosed with anemia;
• patient suffering from heart failure;
• have severe blood diseases;
• diagnosed with kidney failure;
• there are disorders in the endocrine system;
• baby less than 6 months old;
• a woman in her first trimester of pregnancy.

If you are not sure about your he alth, then before you decide to get vaccinated, you need to consult with your doctor. All these contraindications are valid for all stages of vaccination, if there is even a slight malaise, then the procedure is betterpostpone

Also keep in mind that the flu shot can cause some pretty serious side effects, but fortunately they are rare. Usually, how a vaccine works, whether it causes a side effect or not, depends on the type of vaccine. For example, live vaccines are capable of more than inactivated ones

The experience of the doctor who examined the patient, the experience of the medical staff administering the vaccination, and the quality of the vaccine can affect the occurrence of side effects after vaccination.

So what are the possible side effects? They are divided into local and systemic. The former are observed only at the injection site, while the latter can spread to the entire body.

If the baby starts to hurt the place where the injection was made, then it is possible to use an anesthetic (ointment, syrup, candle).

The following side effects after vaccination are also possible:

• there is a constant feeling of fatigue;
• presence of a runny nose;
• pharyngitis;
• migraine;
• general malaise;
• puts a person to sleep;
• muscles hurt;
• lymph nodes increase;
• vomiting and diarrhea appear;
• pressure drops.

Many people are worried about getting the flu after this procedure. If you get vaccinated with an inactivated vaccine, then you definitely won’t get sick. If you use a live one, then you can get sick, but the probability is minimal. And if this happens, then the disease will proceed in the mildest form.

By the way,it is also important that after vaccination a person is not infected and is not able to infect anyone with the flu.

Vaccination can only protect against influenza, it does not apply to other infections. It begins to act only two to three weeks after the injection.

Hepatitis A

This is the disease of "dirty hands", jaundice. Vaccinating a child at the age of 7 against such an infection will be very useful.

At school, children often begin to use the cafeteria and public toilets for the first time, which increases the risk of intestinal infections, which include hepatitis A.

This is not a fatal disease, but it lowers the level of he alth, which can lead to more severe forms of pathology that lead to death.

According to statistics, about one and a half million people fall ill with hepatitis A every year around the world. In areas where the epidemic occurs, children are the first victims of this infection.