2024 Author: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 00:21
Elegance, lightness and the presence of interior elements that emphasize a sense of style - this is the description of the interior of a room decorated in a traditional Japanese style. It has its own differences. The elegance of the situation can be emphasized by a practical partition - a Japanese screen, invented back in the 8th century. As a rule, the screens were decorated with paintings, emphasizing their belonging to traditional art. And to this day, this interior object is an indicator of the subtle sense of style of its owner, uniting the culture of the modern world and past times.
Varieties of Japanese screens
Screens today have two types: bebu and fusuma. Bebu are wooden partitions between rooms that can be moved apart. First of all, they have a practical function, being the eastern analogue of a modern door. The second view, in turn, represents interconnected panels, necessary not only to divide the room, but also to bring a sense of romance into the interior.
Japanese artists have used screens as an object for creativity since ancient times. The material for them was thick rice paper, which madedrawing process more convenient. Therefore, Japanese screens have become not only part of the furnishing of the room, but also the inspiration of many artists. Over time, some rules arose in the Japanese art environment, according to which paper partitions were decorated so that they most organically fit into the existing style.
Painting by Japanese masters
Since their inception, Japanese screens have been painted so that the entire image can be seen from the floor, revealing the story from left to right. The reverse side was also decorated with drawings, the content of which was very different from the front.
Craftsmen made a Japanese-style screen from an even number of partitions (usually from two to eight), connecting them together. The joints were sealed with a thin layer of paper so that later the artist could start decorating, working in one horizontal plane. It is thanks to this that the final picture conveys to the observer a sense of the integrity of the composition and the completeness of the transmitted plot.
At the end, the Japanese masters covered the finished work with a large number of layers of varnish in order to ensure the safety of the applied image. Sometimes some decorative elements were cut over the varnish.
Screens in European interior design
In the 19th century, screens were brought from Japan and China to Europe, where the plots for the image were somewhat changed to suit the existing culture. This is how the plots with the participation of the royal nobility appeared on paper partitions,court circle, artists and warrior heroes. Screens painted with various flowers, birds and animals were also popular.
During the spread of chinoiserie (hobbies for Chinese culture and art), screens in Europe gained the greatest popularity and distribution. During this period, their craftsmen achieved great virtuosity.
To the spread of the Empire style, the Japanese partition became an essential attribute in almost every prosperous house in Europe. The combination of a wooden frame and expensive fabric inserts made the screen a unique element of the interior.
Distribution in a modern interior
The re-emergence of Oriental motifs in the Art Nouveau era in the 1900s again made the presence of a screen in the design of rooms an indicator of a fine sense of style. In addition, the painting on the screen with the advent of the new style has changed and acquired new, unique elements. Other, previously unfamiliar plots, forms and techniques for making Japanese screens arose.
The last heyday of screens came in the Art Deco era. Paper and fabric were replaced by metal, and plots with flowers and birds were replaced by geometric shapes and their combinations.
Today, screens, having survived decades of oblivion, are not an indispensable attribute of a modern home. But Japanese partitions still find their admirers because of their practicality and originality. The screen installed in the room has not only a decorative, but also a practical function, separatingspace and covering some areas of the room from prying eyes. This makes it a useful design element for a room without sacrificing thoughtful design.
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