2024 Author: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 00:21
Each appointment with a pediatrician in the first 12 months of a baby's life ends with a mandatory measurement of height and weight. If these indicators are within the normal range, then it can be argued that the child is well developed physically. To this end, the World He alth Organization, or WHO for short, has compiled age tables of the norm of height and weight of children, which are used by pediatricians when assessing the he alth of babies.
Factors that affect the height and weight of children. WHO guidelines
Scientists from all over the world are actively studying the factors that affect the height and weight of people. According to recent studies, scientists have concluded that the weight and height indicators of children under five years of age depend not only on genetic predisposition, but also on the quality of life, climatic conditions, and the type of feeding in the first two years of life. Thus, children who receive artificial formula as their main food gain significantly more weight thanbreastfeeding.
After analyzing the first WHO tables "height, weight of children up to a year", compiled more than 20 years ago, scientists noticed that the norm indicators are overestimated by 16-20%. This is primarily due to the fact that in the 1990s artificial feeding was the most common type of nutrition for children under one year old. In modern times, an increasing number of mothers prefer to feed their crumbs in a natural way. Inflated standards, according to WHO experts, contribute to unfounded recommendations of pediatricians on supplementary feeding of infants, which in turn leads to a complete transition to artificial feeding, as well as overfeeding and, as a result, obesity. According to the WHO, the norms for assessing the height of children and their weight are no longer true. Therefore, in 2006, adjustments were made and new tables were created that are excellent for assessing the development of today's children.
Weight and height of children. WHO Chart (0-12 months)
The WHO table is considered the most "fair" due to the fact that all parameters in it are rated as "average", "low" / "high", "below average" / "above average". Thanks to this gradation, it is easy to determine whether the child meets the standards of physical development according to his age.
| Age (months) | Very low | Low | Below average | Medium | Above average | High |
| Newborn (0 to 3months) | 48-56 | 49-57 | 50-58 | 53-62 | 54-64 | 55-67 |
| 4 to 6 months | 58-63 | 59-64 | 61-65 | 65-70 | 67-71 | 68-72 |
| 7 to 9 months | 65-68 | 66-69 | 67-70 | 71-74 | 73-75 | 73-77 |
| 10 to 12 months | 69-71 | 70-72 | 71-74 | 76-78 | 77-80 | 79-81 |
The table of height and weight of a child up to a year, according to WHO, is excellent for assessing the development of children who are both breastfed and formula-fed. Nevertheless, it should be remembered that each child is unusual and develops according to his own inner plan. Therefore, the deviation from the average cannot be considered a pathology. In addition to the analysis of height and weight, the assessment of the "norm" must also include their ratio, as well as the monthly increase and lifestyle.
Height to weight ratio
Immediately after birth, it is mandatory to measure the weight and height of children. The WHO table is indispensable for a pediatrician when performing a primary check on the level of development. In addition to height and weight, the circumference of the chest and head is measured. In other words, doctors evaluate the proportionality of the baby's body and, as a result, his he alth. For example, a newborn weighs about two and a half kilograms, and his height is 54 cm. Such a child has a pronounced underweight. If you don't make it on timeexamination and not prescribe the correct treatment, then such a baby may die.
If you measure the weight and height of children, the WHO table helps to assess the state of he alth. When the weight of the newborn is in the "average" range of the table, for example, 3220 grams, and the height is 53 cm, which is also estimated as an average parameter in the table, then this ratio is ideal.
Increase in height
The first six months of a baby is considered the most intensive period of development. The child grows in jumps. It is not surprising that, for example, in the summer months, when the child receives the required amount of vitamin D, the increase in growth will be greater than in the winter. There is also a suggestion that children grow faster during sleep.
For a general assessment of growth, it is considered appropriate to take into account weight gain. Based on this, it is customary to attribute the following indicators to the norm:
- The neonatal period (the first three months) is an increase of 3-4 centimeters to the previous height. For example, if a child was born 50 cm, then after three months his height will be about 53 cm.
- From three months to six months: the average increase varies between 2-3 cm.
- From six months to nine months of age, a child grows another 4-6 cm, adding an average of one to two centimeters per month.
- By the year the child increases his height by another 3 cm.
It turns out that in 12 months the child increases his height by an average of 20 centimeters.
Weight gain
Normathe weight of a newborn child (immediately after the end of childbirth) ranges from 2500-4500 grams. According to WHO, every month the baby should add at least 400 grams. Thus, by six months, the child doubles its original weight. In the following months, the minimum increase should be at least 150 grams. However, when assessing the rate of weight gain, it is necessary to build on the initial body weight of the baby. For example, the increase may be below the norm, provided that the child was born large (over 4 kg), or vice versa, since small babies gain weight more intensively in subsequent months.
Height and weight of boys
In addition to the factors described above, the totality of which helps to determine the norm, it is worth considering gender, which affects the weight and height of children. The WHO table can display both average height and weight limits for children of different sexes, as well as specific indicators for boys and girls. It is believed that boys, unlike girls, grow faster and gain weight more intensively, so it is worth evaluating their physical development according to the corresponding table.
| Age | Weight, kg (g) | Height, cm |
| About Month | 3, 5 (±450) | 50 (±1) |
| 1 month | 4, 3 (±640) | 54 (±2) |
| 2 months | 5, 2 (±760) | 57 (±2) |
| 3 months | 6, 1 (±725) | 61 (±2) |
| 4mon. | 6, 8 (±745) | 63 (±2) |
| 5 months | 7, 6 (±800) | 66 (±1) |
| 6 months | 8, 7 (±780) | 67 (±2) |
| 7 months | 8, 7 (±110) | 69 (±2) |
| 8 months | 9, 4 (±980) | 71 (±2) |
| 9 months | 9, 8 (±1, 1) | 72 (±2) |
| 10 months | 10, 3 (±1, 2) | 73 (±2) |
| 11 months | 10, 4 (±980) | 74 (±2) |
| 12 months | 10, 4 (±1, 2) | 75 (±2) |
| 18 months | 11, 8 (±1, 1) | 81 (±3) |
| 21 months | 12, 6 (±1, 4) | 84 (±2) |
| 24 months | 13 (±1, 2) | 88 (±3) |
| 30 months | 13, 9 (±1, 1) | 81 (±3) |
| 3 years | 15 (±1, 6) | 95 (±3) |
| 4 years | 18 (±2, 1) | 102 (±4) |
| 5 years | 20 (±3, 02) | 110 (±5) |
| 6 years | 21 (±3, 2) | 115 (±5) |
| 8 years | 27, 7 (±4, 7) | 129 (±5) |
| 9 years | 30, 4 (±5, 8) | 134 (±6) |
| 10 years | 33, 7 (±5, 2) | 140 (±5) |
| 11 years old | 35, 4 (±6, 6) | 143 (±5) |
| 12 years old | 41 (±7, 4) | 150 (±6) |
| 13 years old | 45, 8 (±8, 2) | 156 (±8) |
Height and weight of girls
To describe the physical level of development of girls, there is a separate WHO table “weight, height of girls”. It is believed that girls grow on average until the age of 18, in contrast to boys, whose growth does not stand still until the age of 22. In addition, at the age of 10-12, girls grow much faster than boys. The height and weight parameters in the table are averaged. Therefore, in assessing the development of girls, one should not forget about individual characteristics.
| Age | Weight, kg (g) | Height, cm |
| 0 months | 3, 2 (±440) | 49 (±1) |
| 1 month | 4, 1 (±544) | 53 (±2) |
| 2 months | 5 (±560) | 56 (±2) |
| 3 months | 6 (±580) | 60 (±2) |
| 4 months | 6, 5 (±795) | 62 (±2) |
| 5 months | 7, 3 (±960) | 63 (±2) |
| 6 months | 7, 9 (±925) | 66, (±2) |
| 7 months | 8, 2 (±950) | 67 (±2) |
| 8 months | 8, 2 (±1, 1) | 69 (±2) |
| 9 months | 9, 1 (±1, 1) | 70 (±2) |
| 10 months | 9, 3 (±1, 3) | 72 (±2) |
| 11 months | 9, 8 (±800) | 73 (±2) |
| 12 months | 10, 2 (±1, 1) | 74 (±2) |
| 18 months | 11, 3 (±1, 1) | 80 (±2) |
| 21 months | 12, 2 (±1, 3) | 83 (±3) |
| 24 months | 12, 6 (±1, 7) | 86 (±3) |
| 30 months | 13, 8 (±1, 6) | 91 (±4) |
| 3 years | 14, 8 (±1, 5) | 97 (±3) |
| 4 years | 16 (±2, 3) | 100 (±5) |
| 5 years | 18, 4 (±2, 4) | 109 (±4) |
| 6 years | 21, 3 (±3, 1) | 115 (±4) |
| 8 years | 27, 4 (±4, 9) | 129 (±5) |
| 9 years | 31 (±5, 9) | 136 (±6) |
| 10 years | 34, 2 (±6, 4) | 140 (±6) |
| 11 years old | 37, 4 (±7, 1) | 144 (±7) |
| 12 years old | 44 (±7, 4) | 152 (±7) |
| 13 years old | 48, 7 (±9, 1) | 156 (±6) |
Boys height and weight chart
It is very important for parents to keep track of their child's weight and height. The WHO table and chart will help loving moms and dads understand if everything is in order with their child. If the table provides specific data that is the norm for a certain age, then the graph helps to visually see the entire development process.
The graphs below are based on weight and height measurements for boys (blue graph) and girls (pink graph) from birth to 5 years of age. The scale on the left shows the weight or, depending on the graph, the height of the child. Bottomage is indicated. The green line, located in the center of the graph and marked with the number 0, is considered an indicator of the norm and corresponds to the “average” rating in the table. The lines of the graph, passing under the numbers -2 and -3, are equivalent to the tabular indicators "below average" and "low". Therefore, lines 2 and 3 are equated to the parameters "above average" and "high".
Boys weight chart (under 5)
Boy growth chart (up to 5 years old)
Height and weight chart for girls
Girls must use a separate height and weight chart. The graphs below describe the norm for girls under 5.
Girl weight chart (under 5)
Growth chart for girls (up to 5 years old)
As you already understood, parents are required to evaluate the weight and height of children. The WHO table in this question will help determine whether the indicators obtained are the norm. However, do not be upset if you notice that the height or, possibly, the weight of your child is short or, on the contrary, high. The main thing is that your baby's weight should correspond to his height, but at the same time, the indicators should not be critically low or high.
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