What is the productive activity of preschoolers aimed at?

2024 Author: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 00:21

Everyone knows that the main activity of preschool children is play. But, in addition to this, there is also a productive one. What it is? This means that as a result of classes, the child creates some kind of finished product. The organization of the productive activities of preschoolers is the task of each educator. Being engaged in it, the child is socialized, he develops perseverance, the desire to complete the work he has begun, and a graphic skill. Multiple studies have proven that this is the most important activity of children in the older groups of the kindergarten, thanks to which favorable conditions are created for teachers, including future teachers who will work with the child in the lower grades. The fact is that the productive activity of preschoolers, combined with the game, prepares the child's psyche for school.

What are productive activities?

This is the name of the class, as a result of which the child will create a given product with the specified qualities. Which of them are productive activities:

• sculpting figurines and applications from plasticine and clay;
• assembling an interesting structure in all sorts of ways;
• making crafts from various materials (paper, cardboard, beads, foliage, etc.);
• difficult layout exercises;
• creating pictures with paints, pencils, chalk;
• appliqué and mosaic making.

All kinds of productive activities are important for the development of children. Preschoolers need to be interested in order to get the desired result, but this is the work of teachers. In all institutions aimed at educating young children, these classes are included. Parents should know what the productive activity of a preschooler is aimed at, why it is so important. If you study at home with your child on your own or prefer not to take him to kindergarten, then this post will be useful for you.

The need for productive activity

The purpose of the classes is the comprehensive development and education of the child of the preschool age group. Children develop in many ways, so it is important to include all types of productive activities of preschoolers in classes, not focusing only on drawing or modeling. Classes should be held in a playful way, and not "under pressure", the kid should be aware that it's fun, in addition, he will be proud of his product at the end of the work. At the same time, he will gradually learn the need to listen carefully to the teacher, and do whatever is necessary to get the result.

WoAll over the world, experts have studied the productive activities of preschoolers, and came to the conclusion that it is able to develop the following qualities in children:

1. Good creative imagination, the mechanism of thinking, that is, the ability to think logically, compare, analyze and synthesize.
2. Dedication, perseverance and perseverance.
3. Good mental ability, since the productive activities of preschoolers are cognitive activities.
4. Fine motor skills of the fingers and muscles of the hands.
5. Methods of productive activity of preschoolers are aimed at conveying to children the need for independent work.
6. Curiosity, curiosity and initiative.

Still classes have a positive effect on the discipline of children, teachers noted a good connection between productive activity and sensory education. That is, in order for a child to have a good idea of an object, he must know how it looks, its color, usefulness, size and location in space.

In the process of classes, all qualities are manifested, first of all, the mental and physical abilities of the baby, and teachers know exactly which child and what needs to be done more, they give good advice to parents.

Productive creative activity of preschoolers provides the practice and skills that will be required for further education and work. For example, to create an application, you need to make some efforts, think carefully about the placement of objects, place them correctly, and this requires creative actions. In the course of classes, childrengain experience of independent work.

An integrated approach is well implemented in the productive activities of preschoolers. In addition, kids are able to completely relax, and this is getting rid of all sorts of fears of society. Children, creating a product on their own, can realize their ideas about a particular object in the model, receive a material embodiment of an imaginary design.

Directions

We suggest getting to know the productive activity closer to have an accurate idea of it.

1. Independent creation of various items that are suitable for games, cognitive and research activities.
2. Making items to fill a preschool art gallery.
3. The ability to create layouts.
4. Designing the group's own book, where drawings, children's stories, and their chronicles will be included. You can also create a nature diary, and the children will decorate it with pictures, a herbarium.
5. Making scenery and decorations for the holidays. For example, garlands, posters, posters, Christmas decorations.
6. Create party invitation cards for parents, greeting cards for them, souvenirs to be distributed at the end of the show.
7. Development of the group's wall newspaper.
8. Making up a story as a group. You can diversify classes by creating a fairy tale or story each time so that each word begins with one letter. By the way, this is verya good lesson for the development of oral creativity, logic, help in learning to read and write.
9. Creating your own performance. You can prepare your own script for it, and the children should help. Sets and costume elements are also collectively created.

Why is all this needed? The fact is that the development of productive activities for preschoolers is not only interesting, but also very useful.

Study results

For children, it is necessary to create a system of classes. If the teacher correctly distributes productive activities, and all of its types are involved, the result will be as follows:

• children will be developed creatively;
• the group will have a great psychological environment;
• preschoolers will be well prepared for school.

Most often, productive activities link several areas, these are creativity, socialization, knowledge, work, communication, safety of preschoolers. Artistic and productive activities and creativity can develop the child's speech. At this age, there are many problems with it, it is scarcity (poor vocabulary), monosyllabicity, it consists only of simple sentences, and the words are far from beautiful, literary ones. For example: "cho", instead of "what", "beautiful flower", instead of "I like this flower, because …", but instead of "I don't want this, because …" you can hear "leave me alone", and others expressions. Children need to be taughtspeak beautifully, explain your preferences more fully and efficiently.

In addition, children receive moral education, consolidate the knowledge gained in the learning process, they develop the necessary character traits:

• activity;
• independence;
• observant;
• commitment;
• patience;
• desire to finish what you started;
• the ability to "sort through" the information received and its assimilation.

Productive activities also improve the physical condition of children. They become more cheerful, the mood improves, the general tone rises, the character becomes more relaxed and active. After classes and on them the child is active. It is important to immediately form his posture, gait, body position correctly, because all these qualities will be useful in the future for the still little man. Productive activity allows you to coordinate movements, "tune" the vestibular apparatus, strengthen the muscles.

Now we offer to get acquainted with the main types of productive activities. And at the same time, we note the features of each.

Productive activities for preschoolers: drawing

Kids especially love to draw. Here they have room for imagination, everything is depicted on paper: heroes of fairy tales, space, forest, individual objects, patterns, scenes experienced in life - here the child fully realizes his thinking. By drawing, children relive what they have experiencedemotions reveal their thoughts. Usually, the drawing task is given on independent topics, that is, everyone decides for himself what, how and in what color to depict. From the drawings, you can judge the character of the baby, and find out his fears that he keeps in himself. Sometimes it is recommended to visit a psychologist to solve the problem of the child, to correct the idea of the world around.

Fine arts

It is necessary to engage in this activity collectively, draw on one topic. Fine art allows children to instill a sense of beauty, an aesthetic idea of the world, individual objects. The development of the productive activity of preschoolers is priceless, because classes teach you to see beauty in everything around you, and only a harmonious, developed and intelligent person is capable of this. Children develop a sense of aesthetics, they change their attitude to every bug, blade of grass, it is only necessary to correctly tell what and how to draw. For example: "Look how long the antennae this bug has, without them it will not be able to live, so be sure to draw it." Well, after that, how can a beetle tear off these antennae by catching it in the grass? The child learns to see only the good in everything, his behavior changes for the better, his beliefs are formed.

Scrattage (scratchy)

You need to take cardboard (white), shade it with multi-colored wax crayons, and then use a sponge to apply a thick layer of black gouache, or better ink, since gouache, even dried up, will stain the baby’s fingers and hisclothing on contact. After that, children are given pens or other objects with a sharp but safe tip, and they have to scratch out a design on the material received. The result is a pattern, or some object created from thin multi-colored stripes on a black background. There will be no limit to the joy of children!

Modeling and appliqué

The peculiarity of modeling is that a child can create a three-dimensional image of cars, animals, fruits and other favorite items. The subject matter is very varied. Modeling has an excellent effect on fine motor skills, forms imagination and a sense of space, because after making objects they can be placed farther or closer from each other, satisfies the needs of children in knowledge and creativity.

By creating applications, children learn to cut out objects on their own, arrange them in the right places, stick objects and elements on paper. Here, again, the development of finger motility, coordination is involved. To create an application, you need to think hard, think creatively, because the details rarely contain whole and clear objects, so you need to correctly compare them. In addition, the preschooler gets acquainted with mathematics by studying simple geometric shapes. It also develops an idea of the placement of objects in space (in the corner, in the center, on the right or on the left) and on the size of the details (large or small triangle).

You can make a mosaic not only from pieces of paper, but also from lumps. This is also quite entertaining, no less useful fordevelopment.

Design

This is one of the most favorite productive activities for preschoolers. Who doesn't love Lego bricks? The peculiarity of the classes is that the guys must assemble the object correctly, find the necessary parts and fasten them. Designing develops spatial orientation, motor skills, creative and logical thinking, aesthetic perception - the child likes or dislikes his creation. In addition, the child gets acquainted with the features of the details (color, weight, material from which they are made, shape). The child understands the architectural forms in volume, he develops his own taste, opinion.

You can design not only from finished parts, but also from paper, boxes, stones, shells, sand, kids learn to recognize details, combine them, synthesize.

Formation of productive activity of a preschooler

It is necessary to properly develop a training program. It is impossible for children to do the same thing day after day. If the kid loves to draw, but does not want to design or sculpt, you need to interest him. Ask him to build or mold his house, and after he is ready, let him tell about him, about where he stands, where he likes to walk.

You need to talk about finished products, whether it's a drawing or an applique. At this time, speech is formed, vocabulary is replenished. For example, a child drew a kitten. Let him come up with a nickname for him, tell about his character, preferences in food and games - this is alreadycreative thinking.

Productive activity is necessary not only for preschoolers, but also for elementary school students. Many schools have created centers for children's creativity, which are great help in learning.