Drawing in the senior group. Drawing in kindergarten

2024 Author: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 00:21

Drawing in the senior group, depending on the kindergarten direction program, can go along the standard and non-standard path. That is, traditionally a child learns to draw with pencils (simple, wax), paints (watercolor, gouache).

And in creative circles, children use different techniques (spraying, blotting with threads and tubes, drawing with soap bubbles, poking, fingers, palms, candles, leaves, "wet" drawing, airbrushing, scratching, monotype, print) and mix materials (for example, watercolor crayons). Today, many modern teachers of state kindergartens are trying to diversify their drawing classes with unusual techniques.

Preliminary work on fine arts

Drawing in the senior group is aimed at consolidating and detailing previously acquired knowledge. Children can draw the shapes of geometric shapes (circle, cylinder, triangle, square, rectangle) and convey them through the image of vegetables, animals, people, birds. In older preschool age, more is neededdetail the transmitted image, focusing on its features.

For example, a child freely portrays his family. Then you need to suggest that dad is taller than mom, who is taller than children, and their smallest is a preschooler. In addition, you need to help with the proportions of the body: the torso is divided into two parts, the elbows should end where the "belt" is. The face should also be harmonious and correct.

In order for children to better understand the signs, proportions, properties of the objects depicted, the teacher every day works to develop their perception of the world around them. Not a single drawing passes without this (senior group). The kindergarten provides the necessary material for classes, and teachers and parents should broaden the horizons of children.

Fine skills of senior preschooler

Educators, together with the children on the street, study weather phenomena, examine objects, consolidate their knowledge in the group through modeling, appliqué, cutting out shapes and figures, tracing patterns. Once the children have memorized all the signs, they try to draw themselves.

Then the error analysis of the obtained drawings is carried out. Based on this, one or another drawing technique is selected. For example, you need to circle by dots, numbers, or draw a symmetrically depicted pattern by cells. Children must learn to arrange all objects harmoniously in space, to convey realistic images on a sheet.

In addition, drawing in the senior group should develop a sense of color, aesthetic taste. It's helpeda variety of techniques. For example, children make an abstract drawing from splashes, convey the image of autumn through leaf prints, brush marks. They can paint with soap bubbles (shampoo is mixed with paints), a candle, and then paint over the background with watercolors. All this contributes to the development of creative abilities, imagination, broadening the horizons of older preschoolers.

Drawing vegetables

It is easier for a child to master drawing vegetables. In the older group, the lesson is built according to increasing complexity:

• children study the shape and appearance of a vegetable in pictures, visual aids, real objects (feel, pronounce);
• preschoolers draw a geometric shape;
• correct the appearance of the vegetable;
• mark with a pencil the main lines, bulges and other small elements;
• paint with paints, pencils, felt-tip pens, markers.

For example, a cucumber resembles an oval in shape. Further, one end of the oval is lengthened, narrowed. Then, from the other end, a vegetable tail is drawn, “pimples” and groove lines are marked on the body. The cucumber is then colored to show the dark and light skin tones.

Or take, for example, carrots. A triangle is drawn. Then one side of it is rounded, the borders of the vegetable are made smoother. Next are the leaves and roots. Then the carrots are painted with paints.

As soon as they mastered the drawing of vegetables in the older group, the children move on to the image of still lifes. First, this is drawing linear visual objects, then vegetables on a plate or other utensils. The most difficult level is the image of objectsby memory. To do this, before class, they pronounce the features of the appearance of the vegetable / vegetables, after which the children begin to complete the task (immediately with paints).

Drawing Animals

Senior preschoolers already know how to portray animals, but more often they are fabulous, animated (in dresses and suits, walk on two legs, eat with their paws). The task of the educator is to achieve a realistic transmission of the image. For this, visual activity takes place in parallel with applications, modeling, reading, acquaintance with the outside world.

First, children study the structural features of the body, then they try to find common properties with already familiar shapes (for example, the head is round, the body is oval, the ears are triangular). In addition to similarities, attention is focused on existing discrepancies, the inclination of objects, their spatial position.

Let's consider drawing animals in the older group using the example of a hedgehog, a sheep and a puppy. To draw a hedgehog in a clearing, you need to do the following:

• find the center of the sheet where the animal will be located;
• draw an oval (body);
• outline the nose in the form of a carrot from one edge;
• draw a round eye, nose, oval legs, mouth chopsticks, needles;
• mark grass, sun, clouds;
• further paint with colors, taking into account color transitions.

Image of sheep, puppy

How to draw a sheep:

• draw a circle (torso);
• define slopeheads;
• outline an oval (head);
• draw the torso in a zigzag, creating curls;
• draw eyes on the head;
• mark four legs with chopsticks;
• draw the "feet" of the paws, nose with dots, pupils of the eyes, ears;
• decorating.

The most difficult stage is detailed drawing in the senior group. Here's how to draw a puppy:

• picture an oval torso, a round head, given the slope;
• draw a circle (muzzle) in the middle, mark the neck, paws with rectangular strokes and ovals (feet) with lines;
• schematically determine the symmetry of the muzzle, outlining the position of the eyes, nose, draw the ears;
• depict eyes, mouth;
• instead of circles on the paws, draw fingers, draw a tail;
• erase extra lines, outline the direction of the coat.

Such complex classes are carried out with children individually, in drawing classes.

Drawing "Mushrooms" in the senior group

Children often depict mushrooms with vertical and horizontal ovals. They especially like to decorate the fly agaric. It can be depicted with a convex oval or triangular hat. To draw a fly agaric with an oval hat, you need to determine its location on the sheet, mark an ellipsoidal oval with a vertical stick. Next, draw the leg of the fly agaric.

Divide the ellipse diagonally: draw circles on top of the hat, and below, on the leg, a white collar. In this way you can draw large and small mushrooms in a clearing. To get a triangular hat, make the top of the fly agaricknoll. Draw an oval outline of the inner layers under the hat. For such a “figured” mushroom, draw a leg below with a thickening. This is a simple drawing.

Mushrooms in the older group can be portrayed more naturally. To do this, do the following:

• determine mentally their location;
• mark the foreground with a pencil, drawing a leaf and a rectangular leg of a small boletus;
• now draw a hat that looks like half an oval;
• next, draw another leaf and the leg of the adjacent large mushroom, which "looks" in the opposite direction;
• this mushroom depicts a flat oval hat;
• go to the biggest mushroom behind the two;
• also draw a leg in the form of a trapezoid, and on top a hat resembling a horizontal egg;
• on the hat of the largest mushroom, select the upper dark side and the lower white layer;
• draw grass.

More mushrooms grow in the rain. How to draw it realistically, without "sticks", we will consider further.

Drawing "It's raining"

The senior group already determines the features of the rain (mushroom, blind, torrential, autumn, summer). The teacher only needs to focus on the fact that the drops are depicted in one direction. First, children draw clouds with raindrops, then they draw people with an umbrella, at the last stage, preschoolers draw rain “on the other side of the window.”

What to look for when depicting rain clouds.

• If the clouds are near, thendepict rain as oblong drops of different sizes, but in the same direction. Drops start from the middle of the cloud, and not from the edge. The bottom and top of the clouds are darker in color than the foreground.
• If the clouds are far away, then shade the background under them with a pencil, forming a continuous downpour. Then on it with strokes, define individual raindrops.

This is a simple drawing ("It's raining"). The older group may well depict "natural" weather phenomena. The following rules will help with this.

1. Rain is always depicted on a dark background, regardless of whether you draw with paints, pencils, pastels, oils.
2. Draw lines of rain parallel to each other.
3. Bright drops are transferred through the pressure of an eraser, a candle, different colors or a special bristle fan brush.

If you need to depict rain as a natural phenomenon, then draw a landscape, and over it after a while apply drops of light paint with solid slanted strokes. If you make drops with an eraser, then first draw directions with a wide side, and then with a sharp corner, using strong pressure, create a highlight of the drops.

You portray people in the pouring rain in the same way. But attention is paid not only to the direction of the rain, the shape of the drops, but also to the puddles, the force of the spray. This is taught to preschoolers in individual drawing classes.

Painting autumn

October is the month of autumn contests. The teacher needs to consolidate the weather properties with the children through drawing (“Autumn”). Olderthe group compares all autumn months, finds similarities and differences, remembers color transitions. The easiest task is when children depict a lonely tree. To do this, first its place is determined, the trunk and branches are marked with a “slingshot”.

Then small checkmarks are also schematically applied on the branches. With the help of paint, the thickness of the trunk and branches is “increased”. Foliage is depicted on top of the branches in different colors (red, orange, yellow). Now it remains to draw the lawn, the sky, the clouds, the sun and the shadow of the tree.

Autumn can be depicted by drawing leaf fall. Here, children consolidate knowledge about trees. The easiest option is to depict autumn with prints (this method is most preferred by the older group).

Drawing: Autumn theme

• Collect different leaves from the trees.
• Distribute them on a piece of paper.
• Next, take a sheet, smear it abundantly on the wrong side with red, yellow, orange paint (grease the veins especially carefully).
• Put the dyed side of the sheet on the landscape sheet, press it with your palm.
• Do this work with other sheets choosing a different color.
• Now the leaves are no longer needed. You draw prints with a brush, paints. Note that the leaf veins act as the trunk and branches of the tree.

You can draw tree trunks with branches, and put dots-leaves with your fingers. This is also great for preschoolers of all ages. For the competition, many children, showing their imagination, draw an image of autumn with a woman's face and leaves instead of hair. This is how knowledge is consolidatedabout the proportions of the human face, leaves, trees and autumn colors.

Drawing birds

Drawing a bird in the senior group follows the same plan as the lesson on the image of animals. First, all the details are compared with geometric shapes, attention is focused on movement, head tilt, location on the landscape sheet. Here is an example (drawing a peacock):

• draw an oval torso;
• top round head;
• the neck goes from the head along the oval;
• draw triangular wings on the body;
• add paws with three fingers to the oval;
• on the head draw round eyes, a triangular beak;
• from one wing to the other outline a flowing tail, similar to chamomile petals;
• color the bird.

Drawing in the older group allows you to depict birds from different angles, in action. This is what the profile of a rooster looks like. You start from the head. Draw a circle, mark an eye, a triangular beak with a transverse line, an oval beard and a comb of three petals.

From the head draw a neck with a collar similar to the shape of a flared skirt. From it you continue the concave torso, resembling a crescent along with the neck. Next, draw a tail of eight feathers: the first are long, raised up, four feathers start from the end of the body, the last are short, go to a third of the body and hang down.

A wing is drawn on the body with a line, legs with four fingers and spurs. On the wing steepfeathers are indicated by horizontal arcs, and long feathers by vertical lines. Claws are drawn on the fingers in small arcs.

How to write a synopsis of visual arts

The outline of drawing in the senior group is written according to the following plan.

• The topic of the lesson. Usually taken from the program.
• Goal. Three to five tasks of this lesson are prescribed, implying the acquisition of new knowledge and the consolidation of existing skills.
• Material. The toolkit is indicated, up to the last brush. What techniques will be used, what equipment will be needed.
• Progress of the lesson. The theoretical part begins with preliminary work on the topic. So, a fairy-tale character can come to visit, who needs to be drawn or who needs help to portray something. With the help of poems, stories, viewing pictures, visual material, the necessary properties of the object to be drawn are revealed. Then, in practice, the children complete the task, and at the end of the lesson, conclusions are drawn about the knowledge gained.

Now in kindergartens, classes are called the term "direct educational activity" (DCE). Drawing in the senior group did not change its essence from this. Didactic games, game techniques, and various techniques are also used to arouse in children the desire to draw the desired object or phenomenon.