Preschool educational organizations: types, activities, main tasks

2024 Author: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 00:21

After the birth of a child, most young mothers go on maternity leave and devote all their time to caring for the baby. However, the baby grows, gets acquainted with the outside world. At some point, sitting at home with his mother becomes boring for him. Every kid sooner or later has a desire to communicate with peers, learn something new, go in for some kind of sport. Remarkable conditions for the full development of the child are created in preschool educational organizations, where children are looked after by experienced teachers. One of the most popular organizations of this kind is a kindergarten. Parents take their children there for the whole day and can safely go to work, because the kids will be fed and put to bed there. But the most important thing is that they are engaged in kindergarten with pupils. You will learn more about educational organizations of preschool education by reading this article.

DOE

Childbegins to develop from birth. He spends the first time with his parents, and receives all the basic knowledge and skills in the family. But the baby is growing up, and parents notice his desire to communicate with other children. This means that it's time to start taking him to a kindergarten or a children's center, of which there are a lot now.

Referrals to a preschool educational institution (DOE) are issued, as a rule, to children who have reached the age of three, but many parents begin to take their kids to developmental classes much earlier. Numerous paid children's centers offer a huge selection of areas: drawing, rhythm, modeling, construction, educational programs for kids and others. Many municipal kindergartens have short stay groups where parents bring their children for a couple of hours. This is especially true for babies who still find it difficult to part with their mother for a long time. But they can handle a few hours in the garden.

Types of preschools

Preschool educational organizations include:

• kindergartens;
• kindergartens that give priority to a certain direction of development;
• correctional kindergartens;
• children's centers.

Children can stay in preschool organizations full time (12 hours) or come there for a few hours.

Short-stay groups provide babysitting and childcare services, and some even teach kids.

Main tasks of preschool education organizations

The most important principle of the preschool educational institution is the strengthening and protection of children's he alth (not only physical, but also psychological). The most important task is also to reveal the individual abilities of each child. It is necessary to instill in him a sense of security and self-confidence, because this is necessary for his successful life in the future. The role of a preschool educational organization is also to convey universal human values (beauty, kindness, respect) to each child. It is necessary to strive not only to prepare children for school, but also to ensure that they live a unique period in an interesting and exciting way. The development of creative abilities is also a very important aspect of the activities of preschool educational organizations.

How the educational process is organized

The main principle of the organization of the educational process in a preschool educational organization is "avoidance" of learning. That is, classes must certainly be held, but in a playful way. The teacher should organize the training in such a way that the children are active participants in the process. New material must be presented in an accessible form. The teacher must take into account the age of his pupils and, depending on this, organize classes. For example, for kids 1-3 years old, experimenting with various materials (modeling from dough, sand or clay and other materials) plays a big role. Also, children can be carried away by the following activities: viewing pictures, outdoor games,interaction with peers. For preschool children, educators organize role-playing games, because it is from them that the children learn what is good and what is bad. An important role is also played by: physical activity, singing, playing musical instruments, modeling, designing, drawing, creating crafts. In the kindergarten, children are taught to self-service and elementary work.

Educational programs

In preschool organizations, care, upbringing and activities with children are carried out within the framework of a specific plan. Moreover, it is selected or developed by the team. It cannot be said that any program is better or worse than others. Each has its own merits and is chosen in accordance with the principles of the work of a preschool organization. Programs are divided into complex and partial. As the name implies, complex programs provide for the development of a preschooler in all areas, including: physical education, speech development, artistic abilities, singing, rhythm, construction, speech development, and much more. Partial educational programs focus on one direction (for example, physical education, he alth improvement, environmental education or mathematical abilities).

However, most often, educators are guided by several partial programs, which allows them to develop children harmoniously and fully.

Conclusion

The activities of the educational organization of preschool education are carried out inaccordance with sanitary and hygienic requirements. An agreement is concluded between the parents and the institution, which clearly spells out the rights and obligations of the parties. I would like to note that being in preschool has a positive effect on children, because there they learn to build relationships with peers, learn a lot about the world around them.