Dermatitis during pregnancy: types, causes, symptoms, gentle treatment prescribed, recovery period and gynecologist's advice

2024 Author: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 00:21

The course of pregnancy is a wonderful time in which all the resources and forces of a woman are directed not only to herself, but also to the baby. That is why the immune system is weakened, which means that a pregnant girl is more susceptible to a variety of diseases. In today's article, we will pay attention to dermatitis during pregnancy, determining the causes, forms of the course, symptoms and methods of treatment. You need to be attentive to your he alth, because getting sick during pregnancy is more dangerous than in the normal state.

Dermatitis in women in position

From the moment of conception and over the next 9 months, chronic diseases worsen in women, and new ones appear, so it is difficult to predict the pregnancy process. This is due to a large-scale restructuring of the body and manychanges that take place in it.

About 65% of women have experienced dermatitis during pregnancy. They can appear in the early stages and accompany throughout the entire period of bearing a child. At this point, not all treatments are available, some may be harmful to the baby.

All varieties of skin diseases are divided into two types. The first includes those that occur exclusively during pregnancy. The second type are skin diseases that occur in both men and women who are not pregnant.

Causes of disease

Dermatitis during pregnancy, as we noted earlier, is not uncommon. This is primarily due to large-scale hormonal changes, as well as weakening of the immune system. In addition, experts identify a number of reasons that provoke the appearance of skin diseases. These causes are universal and do not belong to any particular type of disease. Studies have shown that women who did not suffer from such problems before pregnancy are likely to face them during the period of bearing a child. Conversely, women with chronic diseases are less susceptible to infection. The main causes of dermatitis during pregnancy include:

1. Toxicosis in moderate or severe form.
2. Chronic diseases that bother for a long time and are associated with the intestines and stomach.
3. Exposure to allergens, both household and seasonal.
4. Stress, constant excitement and emotional tension.
5. Natural factors:low or too high temperatures, long-term exposure to sunlight, wind. If a woman was in such conditions before pregnancy, then they are unlikely to affect her now. A sharp change in climate in this case has an impact on a woman.

Symptoms of diseases

There are many varieties of the disease, some of which we will analyze further. However, there are general signs of skin diseases that are inherent in any form.

The onset of the disease is characterized by peeling of the skin. First of all, the knees and elbows suffer, after which the disease spreads to the neck and face. There is a slight swelling of the skin surface, as well as redness, a small rash that constantly itches and causes discomfort. The rash consists of small nodules and watery elements.

The part of the skin on which there are stretch marks is also at risk, that is, the stomach, hips, chest. They are particularly affected by the disease. The specificity of dermatitis during pregnancy is the absence of rash and irritation around the navel, which always appears in other cases.

Symptoms and manifestations of atopic dermatitis

The first type of skin disease inherent in pregnant women is atopic dermatitis. It appears, as a rule, due to a hereditary predisposition, which is transmitted in the genotype. Severe toxicosis and intoxication in the early stages also provoke the occurrence of this type of dermatitis. In addition to the external manifestations of the disease described above, this type affects the vegetative andnervous system, as well as the intestines. Symptoms are:

1. Anxiety and depression that appear for no reason and are actively developing.
2. Violation of the functionality of leukocytes.
3. Dysbacteriosis.
4. Sharp and involuntary contractions of different muscle groups.
5. Decreased blood clotting.

Treatment

In order to accurately diagnose the disease, you need to pass a general analysis of blood, urine, feces, and conduct several tests for allergens. Do not be afraid that the disease will affect the child, it can only make him predisposed to atopic diseases.

Treatment of atopic dermatitis during pregnancy should be started as soon as possible, but remember that it is completely impossible to cure it, because it is transmitted at the genetic level. Creams and ointments are often used in treatment.

1. Moisturizing and softening creams that are applied to the skin several times a day to remove dryness. There are a lot of them on the market, you need to choose what is right for you, preferably without additives and dyes, so as not to provoke an allergy.
2. Creams and ointments containing steroids. They will reduce the appearance of symptoms on the skin. For example, "Hydrocortisone", which should not be used often. During pregnancy, it is advisable to use external medicines: creams, ointments, and not tablets.
3. If the form is severe, the doctor prescribes pills that contain steroids. If harmful bacteria are found on the skin, antibiotics are prescribed.
4. Itchingmay weaken antihistamines. For example, Loratadine, Cetirizine, Clemastine, Dimetinden.

Symptoms of Allergic Dermatitis

Many identify this type of disease with the previous one, because in both cases an allergen is needed that provokes the disease. Actually it is not. Allergic is otherwise called contact dermatitis during pregnancy. A reaction occurs when an irritant substance enters the skin or inside through food, household chemicals, or other means. The disease is especially aggravated in the 2nd and 3rd trimester. The symptoms of this disease are:

1. Split nails, and in some cases they even fall off.
2. Hair loss.
3. Profuse watery eyes and sneezing.
4. Redness of the skin.
5. Small bubbles on different parts of the body.
6. Persistent itching.

A feature is that there are stages of remission, when all the signs subside and it seems that the disease has receded. Such periods are replaced by stronger exacerbations.

Regarding the child, as in the previous case, the danger lies in the laying of genetic information in him, which predisposes him to allergies in the future. The baby's body will continue to produce more lymphocytes after birth than necessary, as a result of which he will be susceptible to various types of allergies.

Allergy treatment

First you need to identify the cause of the allergy, the so-called allergen, which must be excluded fromdiet, if it is a food product, or simply do not contact it anymore. Treatment of dermatitis during pregnancy in this case is almost the same as the previous option.

1. It is necessary to choose a suitable antihistamine cream for pregnant women.
2. You need to purchase an allergy ointment, the type of which is determined by the doctor during the consultation.
3. You should stick to a diet that excludes any foods that can cause allergies.
4. In severe form, it is necessary to do applications of corticosteroid ointment for 4 days.

Course of perioral dermatitis

Perioral dermatitis during pregnancy is no less rare than the previous ones. A feature of the disease is the affected area: around the mouth and chin. From the chin, it can spread to the neck and cheeks. Initially, a small rash appears on the chin, which many do not even pay attention to. As the disease progresses, they appear:

1. Dry skin.
2. Small red pimples, the number of which is constantly increasing.
3. Itching and constant burning on the face.
4. Pimples become watery as the disease progresses.
5. In the place of inflammation, the skin begins to become covered with small scales.
6. The rash is symmetrical.

If dermatitis on the face during pregnancy is not diagnosed in time, complications may occur. This is coarsening of the skin of the face, the appearance of age spots, the development of acne and the appearance of other rashes.

Treatment of perioral dermatitis

In order to avoid complications, it is necessary to start treatment of dermatitis during pregnancy from the moment the first signs of the disease appear. First of all you need:

1. Give up makeup.
2. Stop using drugs that affect the skin.

After a doctor's examination, usually prescribed:

1. Intake of antihistamines by mouth, because creams and ointments cannot be used.
2. Taking vitamins that strengthen the immune system and maintain the mineral balance of the body.
3. In complicated forms, the doctor prescribes antibiotics, which are drunk after the lactation period.
4. You need to follow a diet that excludes everything harmful and that can cause allergies.
5. Proper skin care, which will be selected individually for you by a dermatologist.

Polymorphic dermatosis

This type of disease is most common during the last trimester. Its main symptoms are:

1. Initially, the rash appears in the abdomen, and from there it spreads throughout the body.
2. The exception is the area near the navel, which is not affected.
3. Rashes are similar in appearance to urticaria. Each pimple is no more than 3 mm in size, and in appearance - red and swollen formations.
4. A few days after the onset of the disease, many pimples merge into single bubbles: watery and larger in size.
5. Severe itching.

Treatment of polymorphic dermatosis

Treatment of any type of dermatitis in pregnant women is characterized by a more gentle composition of therapy, which in most cases excludes the use of antibiotics. They are allowed to be used only in severe forms and preferably after childbirth.

The most common treatments for polymorphic dermatosis are:

1. Taking sedatives such as motherwort, valerian, other sedatives that do not contain alcohol.
2. Doctor-prescribed antihistamines.
3. An ointment for dermatitis during pregnancy, which should contain calamine or a corticosteroid.

Other types of dermatitis

If all the types of dermatitis listed earlier are diseases characteristic of pregnant women, now we will pay a little attention to skin diseases not associated with pregnancy.

A woman in the period before conception or after it can become infected with fungal infections. For example, this is seborrheic dermatitis (it also develops during pregnancy), candidiasis, which require constant monitoring, immediate action and a careful choice of treatment tactics. The choice of drugs depends on the results of the tests that a woman must pass when she sees a doctor.

When registering with a antenatal clinic, it is imperative to tell the doctor if there is one among the relatives who was ill or is ill with seborrhea or other fungal diseases. We draw attention once again that even such diseases do not have a negative impact.on the baby. They can only predispose him to allergies or other skin pathologies.

Prevention

Regardless of what type of disease a woman is afflicted with, recovery must be given special attention in the post-treatment period. It is necessary to implement all the recommendations given by gynecologists in order to prevent skin diseases:

1. If the allergy is chronic, you need to consult a doctor at the planning stage of pregnancy and take the necessary measures.
2. Follow the dietary menu: remove a variety of spices, seafood, carbonated, sweet and fried foods. Also, do not eat excessively s alty and sour, exclude chocolate, coffee.
3. Keep drinking regimen: drink at least 2 liters of water a day. You need to drink clean water, it is she who removes all harmful substances and the body.
4. In cosmetics, dyes, enhancers and other chemical irritants must be abandoned. It is necessary to pay attention to hypoallergenic products in everything.
5. Every day you need to carry out wet cleaning and ventilate the room.

Reviews of pregnant women

After analyzing the reviews about dermatitis during pregnancy, which are written by women who have already given birth to he althy babies, we came to several conclusions:

1. If the disease appeared and developed during pregnancy, then it will probably pass soon after childbirth.
2. "Polysorb" is a good and delicate tool that helps cleanse the body of harmfultrace elements.
3. Such types of ointments as "Fladeks" and "Psorikab" well relieve inflammation, itching and other manifestations of dermatitis. They can be used during and after pregnancy.
4. It is necessary to constantly adhere to the diet, even after childbirth during lactation. Proper nutrition is also important during breastfeeding, because the food you eat affects the milk your baby eats.