Interesting physical exercises for preschoolers with movements

2024 Author: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 00:21

Persistence is not a characteristic feature that is characteristic of children. Especially the younger ones. Most babies need movement. Considering this need, educators and teachers in children's institutions arrange physical exercises for preschoolers and children of elementary grades in the process of long-term educational activities. The warm-up relieves stress, provides an opportunity to relax, switch attention, which is then easier for them to concentrate on mandatory thematic classes.

A moment to rest

Getting an education takes a lot of stress. All the senses of the child are pressed not only by information that is obligatory for memorization, but also by the need for a long period of time to be in a static position - sitting straight, hands folded on his knees or a desk. In children of three or four years, the patience to hold on to such a position ends after ten minutes, and for some even less. Seven-year-olds can sit still a little more - 15 minutes. Further, they need not onlychange position, and how to warm up. But too long and energetic pauses can knock them out of the educational rut for a long time, therefore, little time is allocated for fun physical minutes for preschoolers and primary school students in the process of classes. But after the educational process, as a bonus, and sometimes in order to consolidate the material covered in the form of a game - about 15-20 minutes.

It's easy to understand that a child is tired of the wisdom of science. The first signal is a loss of interest in what is happening. In children, it manifests itself in different ways. Some begin to spin, others yawn, others start talking among themselves. The second signal for the teacher or educator that it's time to take a break in classes is either the silence in the room and the lethargy of the children, which is unusual for the topic, or excessive noise from their loud conversations among themselves. The reaction to fatigue from an excess of information that they are no longer able to absorb depends largely on the age range of the audience. The best solution in such a situation is a physical minute for preschoolers with movements. For them, it is more intense and longer than for primary school children. The technique does not work here: "We read, we wrote, our fingers are tired." We need a better program. That is why in today's kindergartens so much time and effort is devoted to the creation of physical minutes.

Emotional and mental stress in children during classes must be removed not only quickly and efficiently, but also correctly, so that the resumption of the learning process will eventually give excellent results. It is important to switch their interest,but don't get too far off topic. So, mathematical physical minutes for preschoolers will help them learn the material on addition and subtraction. A little introduction at the beginning of a break can distract them from what has ceased to interest them and awaken their attention to a new process. Before fixing mathematical problems on the example of shifting apples from one basket to another, which are located in different corners of the room, children can guess riddles or remember their favorite fairy tales for several minutes. Then, running between the baskets, train the score and stretch the muscles. Both fun and useful.

Business is time, fun is an hour

As a rule, an educational lesson in kindergarten lasts 20-25 minutes, including a short break for warm-up. Pauses can fill simple movements in the form of dances of little ducklings or other birds and animals. The children will be asked to come up with and repeat the gestures of those of our smaller brothers whom they know well. Such musical exercises for preschoolers are the most common way to relax muscles and attention during classes. By the time they take a few minutes and are played in the form of a game. Arrange such breaks approximately in the middle of classes. That is, ten minutes after the start. Sometimes even earlier if the kids are very young. Often, not one, but two physical minutes of various types are carried out. Then the effect of training increases. It is important not to get carried away and not to forget that the main thing is not the game, but the learning process.

The complexity of the exercises and the theme of the breaks depend on the age of the children and the material they need to learn. To a large extent the roleplays the current season. So, a physical minute in winter for preschoolers using cotton balls in the form of snowballs will be more appropriate than in summer. And multi-colored leaves: yellow, orange, red, brown, which must be collected and arranged in piles depending on the color, will help you remember the palette better in autumn than in spring. In this exercise, much has an educational or educational effect. For example, the shape of leaf plates will teach you to recognize geometric shapes, color - color. Their unequal number - remember the numbers. Tilt or squat behind a sheet - stretch your muscles.

The movements that children will be offered during the period of physical pause should be simple and understandable. Ideally, in addition to reflecting the subject of classes, the warm-up should be aimed at developing as large a muscle group as possible. It can be turns, jumps, somersaults. Uncomplicated, energetic, but not excessive. Physical minutes about animals for preschoolers are quite effective. Children of younger groups can repeat the movements of a cat, dog, monkey. Senior - tiger, deer, turtle. By this age, they should already know quite a lot about them. Properly selected exercises will help not only warm up and rest, but also strengthen the respiratory system, as well as the cardiovascular system. They have a positive effect on the nerves and brain activity.

Decoration and props

To captivate children with an interesting and useful physical pause, various objects prepared for this help. In most cases, they are sports equipment: balls, jump ropes,hoops, hockey sticks, skis, tennis rackets and the like. Often in the form of visual aids are vegetables and fruits. However, using any object, be it a toy or light kitchen utensils, stationery, or even elements of the space around us, you can come up with and hold a fun physical activity for preschoolers. There would be fantasy and a desire to approach the process from the creative side. The more unexpected the use of a familiar object, the more interesting it is for children. And the effect of comparing and memorizing the material will be greater.

Today it is not difficult to find literature with examples of various fascinating physical minutes. But those invented by a teacher or educator on their own, with a focus on the individuality of their wards, will bring more benefits. In one kindergarten group, as a rule, there are children with different mental and physical development, different character traits. They may belong to completely polar strata of society and social groups. The only thing they have in common is their age range. Therefore, when thinking about certain pauses during the learning process, one should take into account the characteristic features of their pupils and their physical he alth. A physical minute for preschoolers in verse will be useful to those who have an enviable memory. And whoever has problems with this can get a deep mental trauma.

So it is with the use of various items. Some are more skillfully able to use them in the warm-up process, others are not at all aware of how to hold them in their hands. Application notthat props can not so much help to consolidate the material covered, as to nullify a whole series of classes, and firmly plant in the mind of the child aversion to the topic. For example, if there are children in the group who have problems with memory and speech, you can pick up simple rhyming text exercises for them, but make sure that they are for good, not for harm.

A winter exercise for preschoolers in the fresh air using real snowballs will be useful only if all the children are in excellent he alth. Otherwise, it is better to carry it out indoors, having prepared for this crumpled sheets of white paper or separate pieces of fabric tied into knots. Such "snowballs" are easy to throw, and they cannot hurt anyone. A physical minute will be fun and energetic.

Sounds of wonder

The musical accompaniment of the warm-ups is also of great importance. Especially if they need to be directed to the development of coordination of the movement of children. Most often, an unobtrusive or, conversely, familiar melody is used, but without words. A song with lyrics can go against what the teacher is saying and further distract the attention of the children. And the main reason for doing warm-ups is just the opportunity to switch their interest and concentrate it on something other than an educational topic. Musical physical minutes for preschoolers are carried out both using a finished track recorded on tape or digitally, and to the accompaniment of a piano, accordion or button accordion - the most common in our kindergartenstools.

Depending on the task of the warm-up, the planned speed or the energy of the intended movements, the music is also selected. As already noted, this may be a melody familiar enough to children. And what do our children watch most often and how can they know certain songs? Of course, from cartoons. "Masha and the Bear", "Smeshariki", "Luntik" are today the most popular domestic animated series. The introductory musical themes to them are quite recognizable and are perceived by children initially as something fabulous and fun. A physical minute for preschoolers to the music from the above cartoons is able to switch their attention from learning and set them on the game in seconds.

But making a melody recognizable is easy. Any song, cartoon, if you give a child to listen or watch them a certain number of times, can create a certain image in his imagination, a set of movements, awaken a cheerful or lyrical mood while listening.

The same physical minutes with music and movements for preschoolers can get bored over time. Therefore, it is important to replace them with new ones as often as possible. Having a fairly large supply of different exercises, they can be alternated. Periodically returning to something familiar is also quite useful - this contributes to the development of memory and the formation of associations. Properly selected and conducted physical minutes have no less educational impact than boring thematic classes. Any science can be learned while playing.

The world around

Warm-up is necessary not only during the educational process. Many children like to sculpt from plasticine, dough, clay, draw, put together puzzles. And sometimes they get so carried away that they can sit bent over the table for quite a long period of time. Calm children are rest for the educator, but this is not the kind of peace that pleases. A weak skeleton, being in a certain position, can be deformed and cause many diseases, the most common of which is scoliosis. Physical minutes for preschoolers in the process of long-term educational or developmental activities are aimed precisely at relieving the tension of the entire body of the child, the proper development of his skeletal and muscular system, and not only. Even a small set of physical exercises contributes to the filling of brain cells with oxygen and enhances its mental activity.

You can come up with an exciting warm-up with movements, music, rhymes from everything that surrounds the guys at the moment or exists in their imagination. Walking on the street, you can repeat the movements of the trees blown by the wind. The hands will depict the slopes of the branches, and the fingers will depict the stirring of the foliage. Active, visual, exciting and useful. Or an arranged military-themed physical minute for preschoolers is able to recreate soldier's everyday life by crawling, marching, running from one conditional shelter to another. At the same time, it is important to give children the opportunity to plunge into the appropriate atmosphere. Applying camouflage makeup on the face will help - not only boys, but girls will also like it, and, of course, invigorating, motivating music. Similaractivities children will never forget.

Another favorite topic of physical minutes, especially for young children, is fairy tales or cartoons. Few of them will refuse to spend some time in the image of their favorite character. The idea of an active game based on famous works is also a fairly simple process from the organizational point of view. Simple fake items, for example, a red cap and a basket, will turn any girl into a familiar heroine of a famous work in a matter of seconds. A physical minute for fairy tales for preschoolers, like all warm-up pauses, should also be active. Going from tree to tree, repeating the text of the character in negotiations with the Wolf is not quite what you need. Physical warm-up is not a thematic matinee. A different approach is needed here.

Fairy chest

Great technique - mixing works or individual elements from them into one small physical minute. What and with what to connect will help determine the topic of an educational or developmental lesson that is scheduled for a particular time. For example, in the program content of the lesson, introducing children to such concepts as “good” and “bad”. The theme can be played in different ways. Natural phenomena: the sun, wind, frost, rain, snow and the like are known to children even of the youngest preschool age. That the sun is good and the rain is bad is an axiom for them by definition. What if it's not? The burning sun dries the plants, they can wither. Not only trees, grass and flowers need water in the form of rain, but also animals. And people from the scorching sun can worsenwell-being: headache, overcome thirst. After a short acquaintance with the phenomena and the consequences of them, it is important to consolidate the material in the process of a physical minute for preschoolers with movements. A fairy tale comes to the rescue.

For the youngest, items that are as close to magical as possible, which they will use in the warm-up process, are important. For example, a chest taken from a secluded niche and filled with various wonderful things. After a properly presented educational session, even an ordinary toy watering can will be perceived as fabulous. Especially, extracted from a magic chest. How the plants warm themselves, bask under the gentle sun, then wilt, wither and come to life again after the rain, even the smallest children can depict. Some of them are the first to depict plants, and the rest - rain with watering cans. Then the guys switch roles. Interesting physical minutes for preschoolers develop, teach, relax, and in the form of a game they help to learn the material much easier and faster.

They also strengthen the body of children. So, movements repeating the flutter of leaves, develop fine motor skills of the hands, marching and crawling - they have a beneficial effect on muscle tone, the musculoskeletal system. The “good/bad” definition exercise helps not only to understand the contradictions in natural phenomena, but also to teach how to take care of plants and animals. Mathematical physical minutes for preschoolers introduce children to numbers, and older children to simple arithmetic tricks, train memory. For any warm-up from the magic chest, you canextract pre-prepared props, which will captivate children by itself, since visualization of the process is very important for them.

Flirty animals

Depicting animals is another favorite activity of the kids. Feminutka with elements of movements of a panther, a hare, a turtle has a lot of useful functions that affect both the physical development of the child and the mental one. It creates a positive emotional mood, promotes mental activity. In addition, the frequency of warm-ups over time awakens in children the need for intense exercise and a love of sports in general. A physical minute for older preschoolers with imitation of animal movements differs significantly from that used for younger children. Toddlers of four or five years old may not understand well how a tiger or leopard stretches, a panther or jerboa jumps. But like a wolf looking for a trail of a hare or a fox winding through the forest, they can imagine quite accurately and repeat the movements. The masks with muzzles of cheerful and good-natured animals extracted from the magic chest will only enhance the effect. The guys will try harder to become like this or that animal.

Warm-up is not the only advantage of exercise with animals. Turning into our smaller brothers introduces new creatures, their habits, habits. Promotes the formation of compassion and care in children's souls. What the teacher puts into their mind and consciousness, they will carry through life. For example, using the example of a cowardly and weak hare, show his dependence and defenselessness in front of a strong wolf and fox. That some are predators, while others are harmless and safefor people it is also a useful science. The subject of study can be not only animals, but also birds. A physics minute for preschoolers listing familiar feathered creatures, learning their distinctive features, repeating their habits is quite an exciting activity.

In one educational lesson, children can get to know them all from paper pictures, plastic figurines or TV videos. During the breaks arranged for physical minutes, you can show how they represent the walk, run, jumps of one or another animal, insect or bird. The teacher can show the children a finished figurine or describe the distinctive features of the beast, and they need to guess and show it. How a bug moves its paws, how a dragonfly spreads its wings and flies, how a raven sits, perched on a branch. You can come up with dozens of different tasks.

Depending on the season, you can teach children the peculiarities of the weather at one time or another using the example of the behavior of forest animals. For example, the children must first be told, then shown, and then taught how a bear climbs into a den in the fall to leave it only in the spring. How he sucks his finger, how he warms up after hibernation, stretches, gets out. A physical minute about winter for preschoolers has its own characteristics, it needs a “warm” entourage: a hat, mittens, skis. For the summer, a net, fishing rod, feeder will be appropriate. It all depends on the tasks that the teacher will give the children, and what the teacher will strive to teach them.

The road home - according to the rules

Important knowledge from childhood - the rules of the road. Every day, kids are faced with the need to cross the street, but not one. And if they live in a big city, there are a lot of cars around them, pedestrian crossings, traffic lights, intersections, sidewalks. They must not only know why, for example, an underpass or barrier exists, but also understand who and why uses these devices or certain sections of roads. And, most importantly, is it possible for children to be in one place or another. Fizminutki for preschoolers on the road teach them the rules of movement on the street.

To begin with, the educator offers to remember what urban objects they pass by every day from home to kindergarten. During this activity, children will also be able to learn how to navigate in space. It is useful to have a visual layout of the area of the city where the preschool is located. The children remember the objects, show them on the layout and visually "pass" all the way from home to kindergarten. Along the way, the teacher draws their attention to the features of the road along the route of their movement and tells them how to behave on a certain section of the street.

The learning process can be diluted with musical physical exercises for preschoolers with movements, recreating their entire journey from home during the lesson. With the help of boxes, volumetric cubes, it is not difficult to “build” a certain section of the street. Draw a “zebra” with crayons, draw a space for the sidewalk and the roadway. Cooked balloons in green, red and yellow can replace traffic lights.

By holding hands or walking alone, children learn how to cross the road correctly in practice much faster than listening to the theory in words. Cheerful, cheerful music, indicating safety, will reinforce their confidence, and disturbing music with elements of a siren, but not loud, so as not to frighten the kids, will make them wary and teach them not to make sudden movements. It is especially important to draw the attention of children to the fact that in the summer some dangers may lie in wait for them on the road, and slightly different when there is a lot of snow and winter comes. A physical minute for preschoolers according to the rules of the road should take into account such nuances.

A properly organized thematic lesson and its practical part in the form of an active warm-up will give children a real idea about the street, its constituent parts, introduce them to certain sections of the highway and roadsides. In addition, as already mentioned, it will teach you to navigate in space.

Fascinating geometry

Triangle, square, circle - objects taken from a magic chest, reminiscent of geometric shapes, which can be used in the warm-up process, can arouse children's interest in the exact sciences from infancy. A math physics minute for preschoolers will teach addition, subtraction, and what symbols can be used to determine a number, and will consolidate knowledge of numbers in memory.

But no less exciting can be warm-ups aimed at getting to know geometry. Studying the shape of an object visually and then mentally, with the practice of applying them in everyday life, is an excellent training forthinking. They also help to develop coordination of movements in babies, and the repetition of their designation stimulates the development of speech skills. The geometric shapes of various objects activate memory and attention, and their combination into other shapes - creative thinking.

The simplest thing that children see most often: the ball and the balloon. Having beaten their similarities and distinctive features, you can quickly introduce children to the shape of a circle and an oval. Angle and a triangle are easier to learn in practice, looking from the windows of the roofs of neighboring houses and other architectural objects. Square and rectangle - on the example of the furniture in the room, windows, doors. But it is one thing to remember their names and shapes, and quite another to show the famous geometric figures in motion. For most children who do not have developed hand motor skills, even recreating the angle is quite difficult. Therefore, a physical minute for preschoolers in verse will help here. Simple example:

Let's try guys

Draw with hand movements.

Let's draw two squares, And below is a huge circle, Top small circle, Triangle cap.

It turned out even very well, Cheerful weirdo.

"Drawing" figures in the air, children learn a lot: geometry, drawing, practice imagination, train memory. After a few such lessons, the teacher's help is no longer needed. They will be able to independently repeat simple rhymes and accurately pronounce the definition of figures. Isn't it exciting?

Suchfun winter

In the warm season, it is not difficult to entertain a child with something exciting, since they spend most of their time outdoors, where there are sandboxes and sports grounds. Above zero temperature initially tunes in a playful way. It is much more difficult to arouse children's interest in the educational process on cold days. And there are much more of them in most regions of Russia than warm ones. The winter physical minute for preschoolers is aimed at activating movements, awakening in them an interest in the learning process. In addition, warm-ups can acquaint children with the features of a particular season. At the same time, there is no need to reflect winter itself during the game. In the contrast of heat and cold, it is easier for children to remember how it differs from summer, if, say, they are asked to imagine how they run to the river in the snow to swim. You can come up with different situations, it is important to evoke in the kids the memorable sensations of a certain time of the year.

Music and poetry in most cases are integral elements of physical minutes. For different matinees, children often learn different songs and melodies. For winter activities, they can be introduced to the compositions characteristic of this time of year: “It’s cold for a little Christmas tree in winter”, “If there was no winter”, “It’s good that it snowed” and many others. Under them, it’s good to spend a physical minute for preschoolers “Snowman”.

Children stand in a circle, in the center of which the teacher directs their movements with poetic lines and a demonstration. At the words: "The sun warms the earth weakly", the kids raise their handsup, then they are slowly lowered down with horizontally directed palms.

Hearing: “The frost is cracking at night”, they put their hands on their belts and measuredly tilt the torso alternately to the sides. Saying, “In the courtyard of the snowman”, they begin to turn around their axis, spreading their arms bent at the elbows to the sides, depicting the shape of a snowman. And in the words "Carrot nose turned white" - they cover their noses with both hands, supposedly protecting them from the cold.

This is just one example of how in any class, regardless of the time of year and weather conditions, you can captivate children with an interesting and educational game that develops both physical and emotional state, and also brings many additional benefits. Ideas for such warm-ups are countless. And each carries a positive message. The main thing is not to be lazy.