Rechargeable batteries: principle of operation, features, disadvantages

2024 Author: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 00:21

Batteries are used today in many types of technology. But they have one serious drawback - after they are completely discharged, they should only be thrown away. Trying to restore is not worth it, this is a dangerous business.

They are being replaced by rechargeable batteries. They are increasingly replacing conventional ones. There are a large number of these batteries on the market: rechargeable batteries Varta, Bosch and others.

We will consider finger and little finger. According to the manufacturing method, they are divided into two types: nickel-metal hydride and nickel-cadmium. The former have a larger capacity. Capacity is a certain amount of energy that the battery can accumulate and store in itself. Cadmium has a strong memory effect, and this is their disadvantage.

The inability of the charging cell to fully reach the required capacity if it has not been completely discharged before, and is called the memory effect.

The first time you use it, you need to fully charge it and then turn it off completely.

Nickel-metal hydride rechargeable batteries do not have a memory effect and have a higher capacity than nickel-cadmium batteries. These batteries take much longer to charge. When used in the cold, their capacity is greatly reduced. Ni-Cd do not have such a disadvantage. They are not affected by operation at low temperatures. Ni-MH systems are able to charge to the maximum after several full charges and discharges.

In order to properly charge such rechargeable batteries, you need to buy a suitable charger. The feeding time is indicated in the table, which is placed directly on its surface. If there is no record, you need to calculate it yourself: multiply the battery capacity by 1, 4 (coefficient), divide the result by the current that the charger produces (this data is indicated on the package).

Today there are a large number of "charges" on the market. The simplest are distinguished by low cost. The middle type already has some additional features. For example, many are equipped with a built-in timer that turns off the charging element after reaching full capacity. There are devices and the so-called comfort class. As a rule, they go on sale with power supplies. They charge batteries of any shape. They themselves can determine the type of the element being charged, calculate the capacity, determine the current strength, and after fully charging they turn off themselves. Devices of "luxury class" have a high cost, have the ability to connect tocomputer, display all the data of the charged cell. They also have many other functions, the "turbo" mode will allow you to refuel the batteries within 40 minutes. Using the gentle mode, you can give life to an already worn-out power supply (low current increases the time for supplying electricity, prolongs the life of the device being charged).

The best rechargeable batteries are probably the ones with the highest capacity. Everyone can choose what they need.