What do pregnant women eat: diet

2024 Author: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 00:21

Today we will talk about what pregnant women eat, about the right diet and some restrictions. It is necessary to start educating the crumbs even before his birth. These methods include: a he althy lifestyle, proper nutrition, adherence to the daily routine.

This will not only help to teach the baby to the right lifestyle, but also significantly improve the condition of the pregnant woman, improve the he alth of the crumbs.

Preface

The recommendations given in the article should be heeded not only when pregnant, proper nutrition and a he althy lifestyle are an important stage in pregnancy planning.

Not only mom, but also dad should pay attention to their diet. It is also necessary to undergo a complete examination and get rid of possible problems. In the next section, we will try to tell you as much as possible about the basic rules for proper nutrition during pregnancy.

Proper nutrition: basic rules

So, what do pregnant women or those who are just planning to conceive eat? Of course, the rulesThere are a lot of recommendations, but we will try to highlight the most important ones.

1. The first point I want to pay attention to the weight of a woman. It's better to fix it. Of course, you should not exhaust yourself with strict diets, but being fat and thin is also not recommended. Weight should be proportional to your height. Excess weight is the reason for the poor course of pregnancy, the deterioration of the he alth of the future crumbs. A woman exhausted by diets is also not suitable for the role of a mother. Thinness in this matter is out of place, because the child will use his mother's "reserves" for his growth and development, which thin women have very little.
2. The second and mandatory rule is a complete rejection of prohibited foods. We will not dwell on this point, because below in the article there will be a whole section devoted to this issue.
3. What foods do pregnant women eat? Of course, you should pay attention to those that are rich in vitamins and minerals. These are vegetables, fruits, berries and special vitamin complexes for pregnant women.
4. In order to avoid the development of defects in the body and the nervous system of the child, pay attention to folic acid. Eat as many foods with vitamin B9 as possible. As a rule, doctors recommend that pregnant women take this vitamin additionally in the form of tablets.

There are still a lot of rules, but we have highlighted the most important ones. The need for any products depends on many factors. We will talk about them now.

The basis of proper nutrition

Now about the list of products on which the diet for pregnant women is basedwomen.

1. Of course, special attention should be paid to fruits and vegetables. Of course, it is better to eat them raw. In winter, dried, canned or frozen vegetables, fruits and berries can be an alternative. For breakfast, you can drink a glass of juice, and in the evening eat a vegetable salad with vegetable oil. Please note that mayonnaise should be discarded. Eat vegetables and fruits daily in the required amount.
2. Now about carbohydrates, which can be found in pasta, bread, potatoes and so on. Every day a pregnant woman needs to eat four hundred grams of carbohydrates. This also includes cereals, in addition to carbohydrates, they contain a lot of vitamins and trace elements that the future baby needs so much. A he althy and satisfying breakfast is porridge (rice, buckwheat, corn, oatmeal, and so on).
3. Of course, a woman in an interesting position needs protein, because it is a building material, without which the intrauterine development of a baby is simply impossible. Look out for fish, meat, poultry, eggs, nuts, and legumes. Fish is very useful for pregnant women, which must be consumed at least twice a week. Eggs should be eaten at least twice a week. If we talk about the daily norm of protein, then one hundred grams will be enough. Choose chicken, turkey, fish and veal.
4. Observe the water regime. To control the water balance, it is necessary to consume from one and a half to two liters of liquid. It doesn't have to be pure water. This includes teas, juices, compotes and so on. If you notice that there areswelling, then the amount of fluid you drink per day should be reduced, go to the hospital to check the functioning of the kidneys.

The last thing I want to mention in this section is that it is worth sticking to one important motto of pregnant women: "You can eat what is fresh and natural." Eating smaller meals will help you avoid a host of unpleasant symptoms such as:

• overeating;
• nausea;
• heartburn.

Pregnancy term

Now let's look at what pregnant women eat in specific trimesters. In the first, the laying of the baby's body systems takes place, which is why it is so important right now to pay attention to the quality of the products consumed. Now the baby does not need calorie foods, pay attention to protein. Why? The thing is that a third of the protein that a mother consumes with food goes precisely to the formation of baby tissues. In the first trimester, it is also important to diversify your diet with vitamins.

In the second and third trimester, the baby is actively gaining weight and growing. Right now it is worth increasing the calorie content of mom's dishes. What does a baby need for proper development and full growth? This list includes:

• fats;
• proteins;
• carbs.

In addition, the body is now in need of iron, calcium, vitamin D, zinc and magnesium.

Special attention should be paid to the gap between the 32nd week of pregnancy and the birth of a child. The whole point is that in thisperiod, the woman's activity is reduced. Now working women go on maternity leave, they have more rest. Therefore, a large caloric content of food is no longer needed, it is worth reducing the amount of fats and carbohydrates. Please note that we have not mentioned protein in this list. It must be consumed in the same amount, a deficiency can lead to problems for both the mother and the child. It is worth reducing the consumption of sweets.

First trimester

Now we will analyze in more detail what to eat for pregnant women in the early stages. In the first trimester (1-13 weeks), special attention should be paid to folic acid, as it takes part in the formation of vital organs and the neural tube. It can be found in the following products:

• beans;
• cabbage;
• spinach;
• soy;
• beets;
• tomatoes;
• liver.

Now that you can not eat pregnant women in the early stages. In this list are:

• hot bread;
• ice cream;
• chocolate;
• smoked meats;
• s alty foods;
• canned food;
• oil of animal origin;
• mayonnaise;
• vinegar;
• coffee;
• strong tea;
• fast food;
• sausages;
• semi-finished products (dumplings and the like);
• full dairy.

Second trimester

What do pregnant women eat between the 14th and 26th weeks? In the second trimester, protein is needed, the use of which in the right amount will protect the baby from vicesdevelopment. There can be no talk of any fasting during pregnancy. A woman needs to eat meat, fish, milk and eggs every day. The basis of protein in a woman's diet is of animal origin. What foods are richest in easily digestible protein and amino acids? In this list:

• cheeses;
• cottage cheese;
• chicken eggs;
• fish.

Third trimester

This section is about what pregnant women can eat in the third trimester. Now the activity of a woman is falling sharply, because the uterus, baby and amniotic fluid have a lot of weight. At this time, the woman is resting, so it is important to monitor the amount of food. Try not to gain excess weight, which can lead to bad consequences during childbirth.

As for minerals, the baby needs calcium at this stage. If it is not enough, then the mother will have to share her reserves (from bones and teeth). There are several foods that interfere with the absorption of this mineral, among them:

• sweets;
• white bread;
• semolina.

Stop eating these foods, pay attention to vitamin D, which, on the contrary, promotes better absorption of calcium.

The course of pregnancy

Now let's highlight some common problems of pregnant women. The first is toxicosis, which is noted in most expectant mothers. What do pregnant women who feel this ailment eat?Perhaps you just need to change your eating habits. Three meals a day should be replaced with five meals a day, and portions should be significantly reduced. With toxicosis, it is permissible to treat yourself to pickles or sauerkraut.

Please note that toxemia accompanied by weight loss needs to be treated in a hospital.

Women often experience the following problems during the second trimester:

• impaired kidney function;
• high blood pressure.

Ways to solve the problem:

• reducing s alt and fluid intake;
• restriction on fried and spicy food;
• use of vitamins E and B (to be agreed with the doctor).

Pathology

So, what can pregnant women eat with anemia (that is, low hemoglobin)? Pay attention to those foods that are rich in iron:

• meat;
• fish;
• buckwheat;
• apples;
• asparagus;
• oranges;
• pears;
• carrot;
• pumpkin;
• fermented milk products.

When obese, it is worth excluding sweet fruits, confectionery, spicy, s alty. Pay attention to low-calorie foods:

• crops;
• vegetables;
• fruit;
• turkey meat.

In case of toxicosis, limit sweet and fatty foods. If you feel severe nausea, then yellow fruits will help to cope with the problem:

• melon;
• banana;
• pear.

Also fights wellnausea water with lemon juice.

Shape

As mentioned earlier, a pregnant woman should not be thin or fat. You need to keep your weight in check. This will help make the diet. If doctors say that a pregnant woman has a lack of mass, then it is worth increasing the calorie content of the dishes consumed. It is important to note that products can directly affect metabolic processes. So, if you are overweight, a pregnant woman should avoid eating easily digestible carbohydrates. It is better to give preference to protein and vitamin C. Please note that the latter should be avoided by women who are underweight.

Special attention to nutrition should be given to pregnant women who adhere to vegetarianism. Protein is simply necessary for the development of the baby, so that the child is born strong and he althy, it is necessary. In the absence of the opportunity to eat meat, include cottage cheese and dairy products in your diet. Be sure to talk to your doctor about this. As a rule, he will prescribe special vitamin complexes rich in iron, folic acid and vitamin B12.

Physical activity

How much pregnant women eat depends on physical activity. Forced bed rest, sedentary work do not require a large supply of calories, therefore, they must be reduced in order not to gain excess weight.

The downside is an active lifestyle. In this case, it is necessary to replenish the supply of calories with any images.

Season

We figured out the question of what a pregnant woman should eat, now let's pay attention to the seasons. In winter, there are no special recommendations (regarding nutrition), but in the summer you should pay attention. In the warm season, it is very important to monitor compliance with the drinking regimen. This is especially true of the second trimester (dehydration is common). In the normal course of pregnancy, it is necessary to consume from one and a half to two liters of fluid per day.

Improper nutrition and its consequences

With the question of what pregnant women should eat, everything is clear enough. Now let's move on to a no less interesting question: "What will happen with malnutrition?" To begin with, what is malnutrition:

• coffee, alcohol, processed foods, fast food - these are all prohibited foods for a pregnant woman;
• eating a lot of sweets and overeating are also unacceptable;
• keeping your own diet that has not been adjusted by an experienced specialist.

It is impossible to say exactly how much a pregnant woman should eat. As you can see, there are many factors that affect this (lifestyle, pregnancy, weight, and so on). But there is an exact list of prohibited foods for pregnant women. If you do not follow the requirements for proper nutrition during pregnancy, you may encounter a number of problems (anemia, premature birth, developmental delay, weak immunity).