What threatens poor blood clotting during pregnancy?

2024 Author: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 00:21

Waiting for a baby is the most important time in every woman's life. It is associated with significant changes in the body of the expectant mother. It is especially important during this period to observe the daily regimen, monitor the diet and monitor your condition by undergoing systematic examinations. The expectant mother may face such a problem as poor blood clotting during pregnancy. What is it and how risky for the life of mother and baby, we will consider in this article.

What is poor blood clotting?

Coagulation is a complex process of interaction between proteins, fibrins and platelets, which protects the individual's body from significant blood loss in case of damage. Under the influence of enzymes, substances are broken down and fibrin filaments are formed in the blood. They have the ability to form blood clots that stop damage to small blood vessels. As a resultstops bleeding. Blood coagulation in a he althy individual occurs with the formation of a blood clot within 10 minutes. Low coagulation is an abnormal process in which there is an enzymatic deficiency in the properties of fibrin.

This is a dangerous condition for the individual, and it is especially not good when poor blood clotting occurs during pregnancy. This phenomenon threatens the life of the expectant mother and fetus. With this pathology, there is a high probability of spontaneous miscarriage and a large loss of blood during delivery. It is very important to notice the violations in time and assess their danger to the mother and baby. Scheduled studies help identify abnormal processes. Using the results of the tests, the doctor will give recommendations and prescribe the necessary treatment that stabilizes blood clotting.

Symptoms of poor clotting

Signs of the disease may not manifest themselves for a long time. Over time, the abnormal changes that occur in the blood coagulation system increase. The main symptoms of poor blood clotting during pregnancy are:

• Frequent multiple hematomas with little physical impact.
• Nosebleeds.
• Detection of red blood cells in urine.
• Blood when brushing teeth.
• The appearance of small wounds and cracks on the dermis without external influences.

Subsequently, anemia occurs, manifested by weakness, dizziness, hair loss, brittle nails, diarrhea and constipation. characteristica feature is the pallor of the mucous membrane of the inner lower eyelid of the eye.

Essence of pathology

Poor clotting is a dangerous pathology that threatens the life of the mother and future baby. The disease has several names:

• thrombocytopenia - insufficient production of platelets;
• fibrinopenia - lack of fibrinogen for blood clotting;
• hemophilia - a hereditary factor plays a special role, mainly the disease is transmitted from mother to boys, females are extremely rarely ill.

In a woman's body with the onset of pregnancy, all body systems are rebuilt, including the circulatory system. The suppressed immunity of the expectant mother provokes poor blood clotting during pregnancy. What threatens this condition to a woman and a child? A woman in labor may have early miscarriages, premature birth, placental abruption in the later stages. With such a pathology, the fetus does not receive enough nutrients for full development. At birth, he may suffer from hemophilia, underdevelopment of individual organs and mental retardation.

Causes of poor clotting

Lower thrombocytopenia in women is rare. The main reasons for this phenomenon are:

• liver disease - hepatitis, cirrhosis, which complicate the clotting factor;
• lack of vitamin K and calcium;
• acute and chronic leukemia;
• allergic reactions;
• congenital disorders of enzymatic bonds between blood coagulation factors;
• hemophilia - found to be rare in females;
• taking some medications.

Blood clotting is also affected by prolonged bleeding, decreased immunity, environmental conditions.

What is the danger of poor blood clotting during pregnancy?

All women undergo complex hormonal and immune changes in the body during pregnancy. Fibronopenia occurs as a result of a malfunction of the immune system so that the mother's body does not reject the developing fetus as a foreign body that has a different genetic protein structure. This phenomenon, due to low viscosity, sometimes prevents the development of hemorrhoids, thrombophlebitis and varicose veins. But passing through a certain border of lowering the level of platelets, poor blood clotting during pregnancy causes complications. These include:

• Early miscarriage.
• Placental abruption.
• Premature delivery.
• Profuse bleeding during childbirth.

Prolonged bleeding, which cannot be stopped during childbirth, leads to damage to the internal organs and joints of the woman in labor, disrupting the life system. Reduced defensive reaction gives a high percentage of death during childbirth. What threatens poor blood clotting during pregnancy to a child? Violation of the coagulation process in the maternal organism causes an anomaly in the development of hemostasis in the fetus. Afterdelivery, the baby may suffer:

• hemophilia;
• various forms of thrombocytopenia;
• abnormally formed organs;
• mental developmental disabilities.

The condition of thrombocytopenia necessarily requires correction by the attending doctor.

Features of coagulation during pregnancy

In the normal course of pregnancy from the second trimester, there is an increase in the clotting index and a decrease in the anticoagulation system. In the blood of a woman expecting a baby, there is an increase in the level of plasma fibrinogen, a special protein that forms sticky threads for the formation of a blood clot. And by the third trimester, the reverse process begins. The blood thins as platelet production and lifespan decrease.

Occurring changes, when there are no other signs, are normal and do not require correction of the condition. These changes after the birth of a child and placental rejection protect the female body from significant blood loss. What threatens poor blood clotting during pregnancy? If it is impossible to quickly stop the bleeding, a woman loses a significant amount of it in a short period of time, which often causes death. Clotting problems often occur in the following category of females with:

• multiple pregnancy;
• hereditary predisposition;
• mental problems;
• Rhesus conflict;
• relatedpathologies of the kidneys, endocrine system, blood vessels and heart.

In addition, low blood clotting problems often occur in nulliparous women over 40 and under 18.

Diagnosis of deviations

To determine that violations have occurred and poor blood clotting has occurred, a routine examination of a woman in labor helps during pregnancy. Regularly, once a trimester, a laboratory test for coagulation is carried out and a coagulogram is issued, in which all indicators of the coagulation process are entered. Testing is more frequent if:

• surgery performed;
• Immune system disorders detected;
• liver pathology;
• vascular disease observed.

Particular attention is drawn to the hereditary predisposition of a pregnant woman to coagulation disorders. Control over the state of the blood is enhanced, the analysis is carried out more often than usual. This makes it possible to monitor the dynamics of deviations, the condition of the mother and fetus and allows you to take appropriate measures in time. With poor blood clotting during pregnancy, the consequences for the baby and mother can be very serious.

Coagulogram decoding

The level of coagulation is determined by taking blood from a vein. The study is done on an empty stomach, between the delivery of the biomaterial and the meal, the time interval should be at least eight hours. The coagulogram contains the following indicators:

• APTT - shows the time it takes for blood clots to form. The norm is twenty seconds. If athis indicator is less, then the chances of the formation of blood clots are higher, more - bleeding occurs.
• Fibrogen is a special protein involved in the formation of blood clots. At the end of pregnancy, it is 6.5 g / l, it should not be more than this value.
• Platelets are synthesized by the bone marrow. The normal value is in the range of 131-402 thousand/µl.
• Lupus coagulant - shows antibodies. They shouldn't be normal at all. The presence of an indicator indicates the likelihood of miscarriage and thrombosis.
• Prothrombin is a plasma protein, the norm is from 78 to 142%.

All indicators are related to the gestational age and vary depending on the trimester and some other factors. Having received the results of a poor blood clotting test during pregnancy, you should not worry. Its decoding is done by a doctor, and only he is able to correctly interpret the results.

Treatment for poor clotting

After a routine examination of a pregnant woman, according to the results of a blood test and identifying the cause of poor coagulation, an appropriate therapy is selected. Distinguish nonspecific and specific treatment. The first includes the treatment of diseases that were acquired by a woman before pregnancy:

• GIT - carry out therapy of the digestive system.
• Liver - supportive treatment given.
• Pancreas - strict adherence to the diet is recommended: fatty, spicy and fried foods are excluded.
• Small intestine - it is very important to normalize its work, because digestionvitamins B12 and K, which affect blood clotting, occurs in the small intestine.

Specific treatment occurs when using medications prescribed by a doctor, taking into account the individual characteristics of the woman's body. How to treat poor blood clotting during pregnancy? To do this, use:

• Means that enhance the production of fibrinogen - aminocaproic or tranexamic acid, Kontrykal.
• Indirect coagulants – Vikasol.
• Plasma transfusion - improves clotting factors.
• Injection of fibrins obtained from donated blood.

Doctor-prescribed medications help keep your baby he althy and reduce the chances of heavy bleeding during childbirth.

Correction with products

After receiving a coagulogram on my hands, it turned out to be poor blood clotting during pregnancy, what should I do? With minor deviations from the norm, a woman is recommended to reconsider her diet, and medications may not be required. The following are foods that will improve coagulation. These include:

• milk-based products (high-fat cream and butter);
• liver, tongue, kidneys, heart;
• buckwheat porridge;
• pork meat;
• vegetables: bell pepper, red cabbage, svela, turnip, radish, radish;
• greens: onion, dill, parsley, basil, garlic;
• bean grains;
• berries: mulberry, red currant andblack, viburnum, blueberry, blackberry.
• fruit: banana, mango.

To improve the condition with poor blood clotting during pregnancy, the use of juice from white grapes and pomegranates, as well as walnuts, will help. It must be remembered that the liquid contributes to blood thinning, so you need to control the drinking regimen. Nutrition during pregnancy should be balanced and contain more vitamins and minerals. It is advisable to make all changes in the diet only after consulting with your doctor.

How to avoid bad clotting

To prevent the problem of poor coagulation, it is necessary to strengthen the blood vessels. To do this, use:

• decoctions of nettle and wild rose;
• tincture of lemon with peel and honey;
• vitamin complexes containing minerals.

At the same time, give up bad habits, eat more fruits and vegetables, keep drinking regimen and take walks in the fresh air more often.

Conclusion

Pregnancy is an important and crucial moment in the life of every woman. During this period, very serious changes occur in the body. Therefore, it is advisable to monitor nutrition, daily routine and test results. Often there is a problem with poor blood clotting during pregnancy. The consequences of this phenomenon can adversely affect both the he alth of the mother and the well-being and development of the baby. Therefore, when planning a pregnancy, every woman must undergo a medical examination in order to subsequentlycorrect problems before conception.