2024 Author: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 00:21
Whatever disease we have, the first thing we are forced to do in the hospital is to take a general blood test. This research method is very simple, the most accessible and informative. Children are prescribed it from birth. In order to get an accurate result, it is better to take tests in the morning, on an empty stomach. Water intake is allowed. There are situations when it is necessary to donate blood more than once a day. In this case, eating is quite acceptable. As for young children, blood sampling is carried out 1.5-2 hours after the last meal.
Indications for CBC
Donating blood:
- in order to assess the general condition of the patient;
- examination of he althy children for prevention once a year;
- examination of children with chronic diseases several times a year;
- in case of complaints from children;
- long course of the disease;
- complications during illness
CBC
Blood sampling for this study is done mainly from the fingers. But sometimes blood is taken from the toes, and in newborns, even from the heel. Blood contains red and white blood cells. The former include hemoglobin, platelets, erythrocytes, and the number of the latter determines how many leukocytes are contained in the blood. There are several types of leukocyte cells: plasma cells, monocytes, lymphocytes, eosinophils, basophils and neutrophils.
Lymphocytes and their functions
As mentioned above, lymphocytes are white blood cells. These are the main cellular elements of the entire immune system of the body. They are formed in the human bone marrow, and in the embryo they originate in stem cells and in the liver. These cells are the main strength of the body.
They fight against harmful bacteria and viruses and immediately recognize the foreign body in the body. That is why it is very important to know the level of lymphocytes in the blood, the norm of which is different at different ages. In the event that the number of white blood cells is reduced, this is a possible signal of he alth problems. They also produce antibodies that resist various infections. The table below lists the number of lymphocytes according to age. These indicators are clearly defined. There is a certain leukocyte formula - the ratio of lymphocytes and other leukocytes. In accordance with it, lymphocytes make up 20-35% in human blood.
Lymphocytesdowngraded
After a general analysis, it is possible to examine lymphocytes in children. The norm and the real indicator do not always coincide. If it is lower than the established value, then this indicates acute or chronic lymphopenia. It can be passed on to the child from the mother or arise from congenital diseases that are associated with the immune system. It can also indicate an existing hereditary disease. Usually this disease is acquired. It is associated with an insufficient amount of protein in the diet. It can also be caused by AIDS. It destroys T cells that have been affected. Autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and enteropathy lead to protein loss.
| Age | Indicator in % |
| 1 year | 50 |
| 3 years | 49 |
| 5 years | 43 |
| 10 years | 39 |
| 17 years old | 26-35 |
Types of lymphopenia
It has already been said above what white blood cells are and what is their norm. Lymphocytes in the blood of a child are below this indicator and this usually indicates an abnormal development of the lymphoid system. Another reason is chronic and infectious diseases. There is absolute lymphopenia. It is characteristic of diseases associated with the immune system. It can occur due to leukemia, neutrophilia, leukocytosis and as a result of exposure to ionizing radiation. Suchthe form can also develop in the presence of chronic liver disease. It can even appear in newborns. Such a disease can be diagnosed already in the first week. In this case, the risk of death is very high.
Symptoms of disease
It is possible to say that lymphocytes in children (the norm of which depends on age) are lowered after a morphological study. If such a violation is established, the doctor will prescribe a specific treatment. Lymphopenia is usually asymptomatic. But some signs may indicate it. For example, a decrease in lymph nodes or tonsils. Sometimes it is possible that they are completely absent. Other symptoms include pyoderma, eczema, and alopecia. Hematological diseases such as petechiae, jaundice and pallor should also be mentioned. It is especially important to pay attention to the signs that indicate HIV infection. If the lymphocytes in the blood of a child are lowered, then he often has infections that are caused by very rare microorganisms. In order to assess immunodeficiency, it is necessary to carefully examine the patient.
Treatment of children
As soon as the lymphocytes in children are examined (their norm is indicated in the table above), and the disease is detected, it is necessary to find and eliminate the factor that provokes it. If the patient has lgG deficiency, then, as a rule, he is prescribed immunoglobulin intravenously. For those patients who have congenital immunodeficiency, hematopoietic stem cells can be successfully transported.
Lymphocytes are highernorms
Quite often, children are prescribed a complete blood count. Lymphocytes, the norm of which depends on age, can be increased. One of the most common causes is that the body is fighting an infection. Quite often, this phenomenon is observed in babies who have suffered an infectious disease. Such a phenomenon should not worry their parents. However, mandatory
o you need to consult a doctor to avoid the presence of diseases such as lymphosarcoma or asthma. There are other diseases that contribute to an increase in leukocytes in the blood. Among them are whooping cough, lymphocytic leukemia, various types of hepatitis, tuberculosis and measles.
A distinctive feature of lymphocytes
The main difference between these white blood cells and other leukocytes is that they are able to quite simply pass into various tissues of the body and then also just come back. They are a kind of "censorship" in our body. Their specificity is that they oversee the entire immune system and are very quickly able to respond to a foreign body. Ordinary leukocytes live only a few days, while a lymphocyte can live for more than two decades. Some of its cells are able to live in a person until his death. Their blood contains an average of 30%. The main elements that carry out immune surveillance are lymphocytes in children. The norm is 1 µl (5) 19-37 (1,200-3,000). All of them are divided into 3 groups, which carry out their own functions. These are T-lymphocytes, B-lymphocytes and nulllymphocytes.
So we see that lymphocytes are white blood cells that are very important in the human body. Particular attention should be paid to those indicators that are below the norm or exceed it. This may be evidence of a fairly serious disease. Therefore, it is necessary to take tests annually and, if necessary, immediately try to eliminate the cause. In this case, a positive outcome is possible. Try to be attentive to your he alth and your children!
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