Diagnostic methods for preschoolers according to GEF in preschool educational institutions

2024 Author: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 00:21

The formation of the personality of a Russian preschooler is a multifaceted and difficult process. Every day a child discovers new phenomena for himself at this age, gets acquainted with the world around him, learns to live in harmony with nature. The desire for knowledge leads to maximum activity, passing through oneself all the events taking place around. The kid is ready for constant development, so it is important that during this period there is an adult mentor next to him. Toddler educator is the main role model, source of new knowledge, protector and friend.

FSES in preschool education

In 2009, by order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, new federal standards were introduced for the main programs of preschool education. Both the content and diagnostic methods for preschoolers are defined in this document.

Special attention is paid to the formation of a common culture, the development of personal qualities, intellectual and physical growth. Diagnosis is carried out to assess the preservation and promotion of he alth, correction of deficiencies inmental development of future students. Monitorings carried out in kindergartens are aimed at analyzing the quality of preschool education, searching for new methods and forms of work for preschool educational institutions.

Monitoring models in remote control

It assumes a set of characteristics and properties, due to the use of which in preschool education, the versatile development of the child is guaranteed to a level that corresponds to age characteristics. Integration of fundamental and applied research, special diagnostic methods for preschoolers according to the Federal State Educational Standard help to control the development of each baby. Psychologists are convinced that at this stage of development, achievements are determined not by the sum of knowledge, skills, and abilities that are invested in the child in the classroom, but by the totality of the formed personal and intellectual qualities.

Diagnostic "Cut out shapes"

Diagnostic methods of playing activity of preschoolers are aimed at conducting psychodiagnostics of visual and effective thinking of children aged 4-5 years. The bottom line is to clearly and in a short time cut out the figures drawn on paper. Six identical squares depict different geometric shapes. During testing, the child does not receive a complete drawing, but individual squares. The experimenter first cuts the sheet into six squares, then alternately gives the child fragments, a task, and scissors. In order to evaluate the results of such diagnostics, the accuracy of the work performed, spent on the task, is taken into account.time.

10 points are given to the kid who completed the task in 3 minutes. The figures must be cut clearly along the contour of the sample. The minimum number of points (0-1) in case the baby did not have enough 7 minutes to cope with the task, in addition, there are serious differences between the original and the cut out figure.

Methodology "Remember and dot"

Special diagnostic methods have been created in the preschool educational institution for preschoolers, allowing to determine the amount of attention. Dots are applied to the sheet, then the workpiece is cut into eight identical squares, they are folded so that the number of dots per sheet increases sequentially. The teacher (or psychologist) shows the child cards with drawn dots for 1-2 seconds. Then the child in empty cells reproduces the number of points seen in the figure. Between the cards shown, the teacher gives the baby 15 seconds so that he can remember the picture he saw and complete the task. Diagnostic methods for preschoolers of this type imply a ten-point scale. If in the allotted period of time the baby successfully copes with 6 or more points, he receives 10 points. When restoring 1-3 points from memory, the child receives no more than 3 points, this indicates an insufficiently formed memory, an inability to concentrate.

Diagnostics "Memorizing ten words"

Diagnostic techniques for mentalThe development of preschoolers is aimed at the study of certain memory processes: preservation, memorization, reproduction. You can use a similar algorithm to assess the state of memory of preschoolers, to determine voluntary attention. The teacher calls ten words, the kid listens, tries to reproduce them in any order. Such diagnostic methods for preschoolers involve 3-4 readings, followed by a repetition of words by a kindergarten pupil. The experiment is repeated after an hour, then after two, fixing in a special journal the number of words that the child uttered. For example, you can use the words forest, cat, sleep, stump, day, morning, night, brother, sister, mushroom.

The calculation shows that he althy children with high intellectual development gradually increase the number of correct words, and children with memory and consciousness disorders forget words over time. Such diagnostic methods for preschoolers involve the construction of graphs, according to which the level of development of preschoolers is determined.

Conclusion

With the help of monitoring conducted in kindergarten, educators and professional psychologists determine the degree of readiness of children to study in an educational institution. In the process of research, professionals collect information, analyze it, and draw conclusions. First, the necessary information is collected, then it is evaluated, analyzed, and conclusions are drawn. The purpose of such monitoring is to determine the degree of readiness of futuregraduates to the transition to a new stage - a full-fledged school life. Depending on what final results are obtained after processing the data, their interpretation, a conclusion is made about the readiness (unreadiness) of graduates of preschool institutions for the next stage of development. The federal state educational standards of the new generation, developed specifically for state preschool institutions, contain clear recommendations and requirements for the level of preparation of kindergarten graduates, as well as for the characteristics of their mental, physical, mental development.