2024 Author: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-01-08 23:38
One of the most common childhood diseases is rickets. It is classified as a polyetiological disease of the metabolic type, caused by a lack of phosphorus and calcium s alts in the body, as well as a violation of their transportation and metabolism. Rickets is quite pronounced in children under one year old. Signs are expressed in violation of the development of the musculoskeletal system of the child. Lack of osteoid mineralization (vitamin D deficiency) causes bone disorders.
Rickets in children under one year old
Signs of the disease in the early period (2-3 months) are manifested by the following indicators:
- fear and anxiety;
- anxious and superficial sleep;
- startled by sharp sounds;
- excessive sweating of the face and back of the head.
How rickets manifests itself in children
Up to a year, signs of rickets are subdivided according to severity:
1. Easy degree. During this period, it is immediately noticeable how rickets manifests itself in children:
- obvious compliance of the bones of the skull and the edges of the fontanel on the head;
- unable to hold head;
- pronounced rib "rosary".
2. Average degree. At 6-7 monthsbecome visible:
- muscle and nerve disorders;
- motor delay (does not roll over or sit);
- slowed growth and weight gain;
- development of softening of the bones;
- teething schedule disrupted.
3. Severe degree. Manifested by various complications:
- damage to internal organs;
- deviations in the bone and nervous system;
- mental lag andphysical development.
Closer to the year it is already clearly visible what rickets looks like in children:
- thickening of the ribs;
- slight protrusion or hollow chest;
- violation of posture and deformation of the limbs.
Causes of disease
Lack of B vitamins, vitamins A, zinc, magnesium and complete protein in the body is the most common cause of rickets in children under one year of age. Its signs are determined for many other reasons, for example, due to:
- hereditary predisposition;
- lack of phosphate and calcium s alts;
- prematurity;
- improper feeding and frequent illnesses;
- bad environment;
- endocrine disorders.
The most common form of the disease is D-deficient rickets (due to lack of sunlight, vegetarianism, late introduction of animal products - meat, fish, yolk) into the diet.
Prevention of the disease is of great importance.
Preventive measures
The he alth of the child depends entirely on the behavior of the expectant mother, an attentive attitude towards herself. Prevention should start in the perinatal period:
- from outdoor walks;
- with good nutrition;
- with timely treatment of anemia and toxicosis;
- from taking prescribed drugs and vitamins.
Breastfeeding children up to a year is the best prevention of rickets. No artificial feeding will replace the lactose in breast milk, which significantly promotes the absorption of calcium. Frequent outdoor walks are recommended. Let the child move actively.
It is undesirable for a child to consume excessive flour products, as they inhibit the process of bone mineralization and the absorption of calcium by the body.
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