The first signs of a miscarriage and the consequences

2024 Author: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 00:21

Pregnancy is not just an important stage in the life of every woman. This is a new step, a new test. But not always pregnancy has a happy outcome. In some cases, a miscarriage occurs. This is a spontaneous termination of pregnancy. Most often, this happens in the early stages. There are many factors that cause this phenomenon. How to recognize the signs of a threatened miscarriage in the early stages?

Some statistics

As statistics show, every fifth pregnancy ends in a miscarriage. Many women may not notice this. Most often this happens 7-14 days after conception. This happens for many reasons. At the same time, there are practically no signs of a miscarriage at week 2.

In some situations, spontaneous termination of pregnancy occurs when a woman guesses about her interesting situation. To avoid a repetition of the tragedy in the future, you need to know what diseases, external factors can provoke a miscarriage, and how to avoid it.

Genetic disorders

Specialists in the field of genetics believe that 75% of all miscarriages happen precisely because offetal genetic disorders. Don't be afraid. In many cases, such deviations are random. At the same time, viral diseases, negative environmental effects, radiation, etc. can lead to spontaneous abortion. In most cases, there are no signs of miscarriage. The photo confirms that in this way nature is trying to rid humanity of unviable or unhe althy offspring.

It's almost impossible to avoid it. The risk of developing genetic abnormalities increases every year.

Hormonal failures

From the moment of conception, a global restructuring begins in the female body. This also affects the hormonal background. A sign of a threatened miscarriage in the early stages can be a low level of progesterone. Deficiency of this hormone can be caused by many reasons. However, with the timely detection of deviations, spontaneous termination of the current pregnancy can be prevented. For this, the expectant mother is prescribed hormonal drugs.

There is another pathology that can lead to disastrous consequences. Some women experience increased levels of male hormones after conception. These substances inhibit the synthesis of progesterone and estrogen. It is these hormones that support the female body and allow pregnancy to proceed without deviations.

Often, adrenal and thyroid hormones can affect the outcome. Therefore, at the planning stage, it is recommended to check the status of these organs.

Immunological problem

Probably, many have heard about such a phenomenon as Rhesus conflict. What does it mean? A similar phenomenon occurs when a child has inherited a negative Rh factor from his father. As a result, the female body perceives the fetus as a foreign organism and begins to reject it.

In this case, it is possible to prevent abortion if the woman is prescribed drugs with progesterone in a timely manner. After all, this hormone plays the role of an immunomodulator.

Infections in a woman

At the moment, there are many known diseases transmitted through sexual contact. Many of them are able to provoke a miscarriage in early pregnancy. Signs of some diseases may not appear. This is worth remembering when planning a pregnancy. Dangerous pathologies include cytomegalovirus, chlamydia, herpes, trichomoniasis, gonorrhea, syphilis, toxoplasmosis, etc.

Spontaneous interruption occurs when the embryo is infected, as well as when the membranes are damaged. To reduce the impact of diseases on the child, treatment of the identified ailment should be started immediately.

Other reasons

Among other causes of miscarriage, experts identify:

• viral diseases such as influenza, chickenpox, rubella, tonsillitis, etc.;
• impaired blood flow between the fetus and the mother's body;
• bad habits: drugs, alcohol, smoking;
• pathology of the internal organs of the fetus;
• nervous shock, stress;
• physical activity, injuries, heavy lifting;
• scars on the abdomen and uterus, history of abortions;
• taking medications that are contraindicated for pregnant women;
• X-ray radiation.

Preterm abortion in the second and third trimester is most often provoked by an inflammatory process in the placenta or in the uterus.

Symptoms

What are the signs of an early miscarriage? For 2 weeks, a woman may not be aware of conception, and her spontaneous interruption may be mistaken for menstruation. And if the expectant mother already knows about her interesting situation? What signs of a threatened miscarriage in the early stages should she still pay attention to?

The most common symptoms include pain in the lower abdomen and bleeding. Unpleasant sensations can be given in the lower back. If you notice brown or red discharge, you should immediately consult a doctor. This will keep the pregnancy going. The chance is great if the discharge is scarce. If they are abundant, then the risk of spontaneous interruption increases. The main sign of a miscarriage (after it) is blood discharge mixed with pieces of soft tissue.

To the symptoms of the threat of premature termination of pregnancy is also the tone of the uterus. A few points should be clarified here. It is worth starting to worry only if the tone of the uterus causes discomfort, and is also accompanied by pain. If such phenomena do not occur, then the doctor will advise the expectant mother to avoid stress and reducephysical activity.

Signs of miscarriage at any stage of pregnancy are the same. Their difference lies only in the intensity of pain and in the amount of discharge. Starting from the second trimester, damage to the amniotic fluid sac is also added to the symptoms. This is accompanied by vaginal discharge with blood clots during urination. This causes severe pain in the stomach or shoulder area. This is one of the signs of internal bleeding.

Minor features

The first signs of a miscarriage in the early stages of a woman may be mistaken for the onset of menstruation. However, it is worth considering the existence of secondary symptoms of spontaneous abortion. It is they who allow you to distinguish a miscarriage from menstruation:

• aching back pain;
• bleeding with mucus;
• drastic weight loss;
• frequent loose stools;
• vomit;
• pain like spasms.

If these signs of a miscarriage occur, you should immediately seek help from a medical facility.

How miscarriage happens

To understand what signs of a miscarriage exist, it is worth understanding the process itself. It doesn't happen overnight. This process lasts from 2 hours to several runs. In this case, several stages are distinguished:

1. There are signs of a threatened miscarriage. At the same time, there is a pulling pain localized in the lower abdomen. The increase in pain occurs gradually. Eventually they becomeparoxysmal. At this stage, bleeding from the vagina appears. You must immediately seek help from a medical institution. Timely help can save the pregnancy, as the cervix is still closed.
2. Placental abruption. As a result of this phenomenon, the embryo begins to experience oxygen starvation. At this stage, it is impossible to stop the process of spontaneous termination of the current pregnancy. The fetus dies.
3. At this stage, the placenta is completely exfoliated. The dead embryo still remains in the uterine cavity. It is from this moment that the separation of the fetus begins.
4. The final stage. The dead fetus leaves the uterine cavity along with the placenta.

After a miscarriage, the doctor should carefully examine the woman. If necessary, cleaning is carried out to remove residual soft tissue.

Dangerous terms of pregnancy

Knowing the first signs of a miscarriage in early pregnancy, you can avoid many problems. However, you can protect yourself by contacting specialists at the planning stage.

Most miscarriages occur 2-3 weeks after conception. At the same time, a woman may not know about pregnancy. Therefore, such miscarriages are often mistaken for menstruation, since the symptoms are similar: pain in the very lower abdomen or in the lower back, discharge with blood.

Miscarriages are least likely to occur at a later date - up to 20 weeks. How this happens is described above. A spontaneous abortion after the 20th week is called a stillbirth.

Missed Pregnancy

In medicine, there is the concept of "Missed Pregnancy". It is also called a failed miscarriage. What it is? For a sufficiently long period (up to 28 weeks), it observes the cessation of fetal development, and then its death. You can identify this condition by the following symptoms:

• general weakness;
• lower basal body temperature;
• no toxicosis.

Types of miscarriages

Spontaneous abortions can be divided into several main varieties. Each of them is characterized by certain signs of a miscarriage. Consider them in more detail:

• Incomplete miscarriage. This condition is characterized by pain in the lumbar region and in the lower abdomen. This causes the cervix to open. As a result, the integrity of the fetal membrane is violated. At this stage, the bleeding and pain does not stop.
• Full. The embryo or fetus after death completely leaves the uterine cavity. At the same time, bleeding stops, and other signs of miscarriage in the early stages disappear.
• Failed. The dead embryo or fetus remains in the uterine cavity. A doctor can detect a frozen pregnancy during the examination of the patient, while listening to the heartbeat. For diagnosis, an ultrasound is performed. With such a pathology, all signs of pregnancy disappear.
• Repeated. Often this miscarriage occurs in those women who have had more than three early spontaneous abortions.
• Anembryony. With such a pathology, fertilization of the egg occurs, but the fetus does notis being formed. A woman may not have her period. At the same time, all signs of pregnancy are noted.
• Choriadenomas. Such a pathology is a genetic error that occurs during fertilization. At the same time, abnormal tissue grows in the uterine cavity instead of the fetus. A woman with this condition may show signs of pregnancy.

It is worth noting that all of the above deviations from the norm end in abortion or mechanical cleaning of the uterine cavity.

Diagnosis

Unfortunately, it is not always possible to diagnose a miscarriage only by signs. Therefore, women are advised to undergo a thorough examination and pass all the necessary tests at the stage of pregnancy planning. If the conception occurred suddenly, the doctor can determine the threat. To do this:

• The state of the uterus is determined: whether the organ is in good shape or not.
• The correspondence of the gestational age and the size of the organ is checked.
• Checking the cervix: closed or not.
• Special attention to vaginal discharge.

At a later date, a transvaginal ultrasound is performed to detect the threat of abortion. This is the most reliable diagnostic method. During the procedure, the internal structure of the organ and the length of the neck are determined.

When spotting and other signs of miscarriage appear, a woman can be transferred to a day hospital to monitor her condition. If nothing threatens the child, then she can be discharged home.

Consequences

Weconsidered signs of miscarriage in early pregnancy. But within the framework of a given topic, it is worth mentioning the consequences of such a phenomenon. After a miscarriage, the doctor can give two days for the remnants of the soft tissues to come out of the uterine cavity on their own. In this case, a woman should monitor what kind of discharge she has. If the residues do not come out, then mechanical cleaning is prescribed. For this, scraping is carried out. After the procedure, a long recovery period is required.

The first period after a miscarriage may be accompanied by prolonged bleeding. This may be due to the remnants of the amniotic membranes in the uterine cavity. To diagnose this, an ultrasound is prescribed. If such shells are detected, repeated cleaning is performed. If the ultrasound showed that the uterine cavity is clean, the doctor prescribes drugs to stop the bleeding and speed up the process of organ contraction.

After a miscarriage, an inflammatory process may begin. This may indicate an increase in temperature. If you experience symptoms of inflammation, you should immediately consult a doctor.

If there are no complications, then the body recovers after a spontaneous abortion in 30-60 days. However, do not forget about the psychological trauma. Therefore, experts recommend contacting a psychologist if depression occurs. Specialists explain to women how to cope with trauma, how not to dwell on the problem. The most important thing is not to experience loss alone. As practice shows, the best tool in psychological therapy is a new pregnancy. However, before conception, it is worth preparing your body and eliminating the cause of the miscarriage.

Can it be prevented

As mentioned earlier, it is possible to prevent spontaneous termination of the current pregnancy if you seek help in a timely manner at the first sign of a threat. If symptoms of pathology are detected, the doctor prescribes bed rest. In some cases, a woman is forbidden even to get up. With the threat of a miscarriage, all physical activity is minimized.

Do not forget that the state of the fetus is negatively affected by any excitement, as well as negative thoughts. Therefore, a pregnant woman needs to avoid stress. To calm the nervous system, the doctor may prescribe an infusion of motherwort or valerian.

In some cases, a specialist may prescribe drug therapy to block uterine contractions. In some cases, this helps to avoid premature termination of pregnancy. If necessary, the specialist conducts a second ultrasound. If deficiency is diagnosed, sutures are placed on the uterus in the hospital, allowing you to keep the fetal egg inside the organ. The operation is performed under anesthesia. At the same time, relaxing drugs are injected into the uterus.

Identifying the cause

Identification of the cause of spontaneous abortion will avoid a recurrence of the situation in the future. Therefore, a woman should undergo a series of examinations and a course of appropriate therapy. To determine the cause, the doctor may prescribe:

• Genetics consultation. At the same time, analysis is carried out ondetermination of the chromosome and gene set of not only the mother, but also the father.
• Consultation with an immunologist. The specialist may schedule tests to detect autoimmune diseases that can lead to miscarriage.
• Consultation of an endocrinologist. A specialist will help identify problems with the thyroid gland.
• Gynecological examination. It may be due to defects in the structure of the uterus, which do not allow bearing a child.

Prevention

It is not so easy to identify an early miscarriage by signs. Therefore, experts recommend following certain prevention rules to maintain pregnancy:

• Woman's complete rejection of bad habits. This applies to the abuse of alcohol, drugs, and smoking.
• Moderate exercise.
• Keeping an exceptionally he althy lifestyle.

Where signs of pregnancy are detected, a woman should:

• Contact a medical facility for expert advice. If signs of an early miscarriage are detected, the doctor may prescribe special medications to preserve the fetus and create normal conditions for its development.
• Reduce your daily intake of coffee and tea.
• Stop doing sports, lifting weights.

In closing

The first signs of a miscarriage do not always allow timely determination of the presence of a threat. Many women can lose a child, already knowing about its existence. However, a miscarriage should not be the reason for the rejection of desire.have a child. According to statistics, the chances of a normal course of a subsequent pregnancy are 80%.

However, with subsequent miscarriages, this figure is significantly reduced. Therefore, when planning a pregnancy, it is worth passing all the necessary tests and determining the cause of spontaneous abortions. If this is a disease, then its therapy is carried out. Planning a pregnancy after a miscarriage and mechanical cleaning of the uterus is after 2 months.