2024 Author: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 00:21
Acute leukemia in children is a malignant disease. It is based on a systemic increase in hematopoietic tissue. It is accompanied by bone marrow rejuvenation.
At the same time, foci of unusual, extramedullary hematopoiesis appear in the body, the so-called. metaplasia.
Acute leukemia in children: causes
Definitively the nature of this disease has not been elucidated to date. Supporters of the point of view that it has a tumor origin, consider it a form of the blastomatous process. Defenders of the second theory claim that leukemia is caused by a virus. Until a favorable moment, he remains in a latent state. According to the clonal theory, a single cell mutates. Reproducing, it creates similar leukemic. There is also a theory that calls for taking into account the genetic predisposition.
Acute leukemia in children: signs
The disease develops in several stages. It begins, as a rule, gradually.
And only the most acute form immediately manifests violently. The dominant symptoms during this period are:enlarged lymph nodes, pain in bones and joints, their swelling, frequent nosebleeds, periodic fever, tonsillitis, abdominal pain, pallor, general weakness, dyspepsia, weight loss, loss of appetite. This is how small children with leukemia feel at first. In older people, absent-mindedness, insomnia, and sometimes coughing are added to these symptoms. The initial period can last weeks or months. At the stage of the full development of the disease, hemorrhagic syndrome, enlargement of the spleen and liver are added to the previous symptoms. The condition of children in general is deteriorating. They eat almost nothing, do not get up, are not interested in anything. There is frequent vomiting, fever. Lymph nodes can increase in separate groups. Acute leukemia in children is rarely accompanied by Mikulich's symptom complex, when both salivary and lacrimal glands symmetrically swell. Internal organs increase, heart tones become muffled. X-ray examination often reveals osteoporosis. Deep, irreversible changes occur in vital organs during remission.
The patients are drowsy, adynamic. Sometimes there are delusions and hallucinations, then patients behave excitedly. Appetite decreases up to anorexia, blood appears in the vomit. The boundaries of the heart expand, the tones are muffled, shortness of breath, a galloping rhythm, tachycardia, and a weak pulse are observed. The lower limbs and face may swell. On the part of the blood, thrombocytopenia and an extreme degree of anemia are noted. The number of leukocytes rises sharply. Bone marrowalmost entirely composed of reticular cells and other immature elements.
Acute leukemia in children: prognosis
Advances in modern medicine make it possible to achieve complete remission in 95% of cases. If within 5 years the disease does not manifest itself, the children are considered he althy. This happens in 70-80% of cases. It is also possible to successfully achieve complete remission a second time. Only these patients can no longer do without bone marrow transplantation, after which the probability that they will live for a long time is from 35% to 65%.
Recommended:
How to teach children to obey? Children's psyche, relations between parents and children, difficulties in raising a child
Surely, every parent at least once thought about how to teach a child to obey the first time. Of course, there is a sense in turning to special literature, to psychologists and other specialists, if the child refuses to hear you at all, and does not fulfill even the simplest and clearest requirements, acting in a completely different way. If the baby each time begins to show his “I don’t want, I won’t”, then you can deal with this on your own, without resorting to repression and extreme measures
Identification and development of gifted children. Problems of gifted children. School for gifted children. Gifted children are
Who exactly should be considered gifted and what criteria should be followed, considering this or that child the most capable? How not to miss the talent? How to reveal the hidden potential of a child who is ahead of his peers in terms of his level of development, and how to organize work with such children?
Raising children around the world: examples. Peculiarities of education of children in different countries. Raising children in Russia
All parents on our vast planet, without any doubt, have a great feeling of love for their children. However, in each country, fathers and mothers raise their children in different ways. This process is greatly influenced by the lifestyle of the people of a particular state, as well as existing national traditions. What is the difference between raising children in different countries of the world?
Children's team is an association of children based on a common useful activity. Characteristics of the children's team
Every parent understands how important it is for a child to develop. In order to freely exist in society, it is important for children to learn to feel good in a team from a young age. Therefore, parents try to choose for their child those creative teams that suit him
Is it possible to acute during pregnancy: benefit or harm, nutritional advice
Spicy during pregnancy or tasty too. From the article, you will learn about how difficult it is to give up your gastronomic habits while carrying a child. Let's see: what is more, harm or benefit, from spicy food during this period. How should the expectant mother eat at this crucial time? How to cook tasty and he althy?
